Abstract
The present study focuses on the potential of aqueous leaf extracts of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam), or neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) singly or in integration with different parts of canola (Brassica napus L.) extracts to alleviate the deleterious effect of Meloidogyne incognita as well as ameliorate tomato growth in vivo. A mixture of moringa or neem aqueous leaf extracts with different parts of canola viz. leaf, stem and root gave better results than did single ones. Dual application of neem leaf extracts and canola parts extracts exhibited detectable augmentation in plant biomass better than other treatments. However, triple application of canola, moringa and neem leaf extracts (41.0%) surpassed all treatments and improved tomato length. All treatments significantly (P<0.05) suppressed nematode population, root galling and number of egg masses. The highest nematicidal activity was performed by leaf extracts mixture of moringa, neem and canola. NPK, chlorophyll Aand B, salicylic acid, phenols and phenylalinine enzyme (PAL) in tomato leaves were significantly (P<0.05) induced by plant extracts mixture. Phytochemical analysis of aqueous neem leaf extract demonstrated the occurrence of a number of flavonoids (21) and phenolic compounds (23) including Hespiridin, Naringin, Rosmarinic acid, Pyrogallol, Salicylic acid and Gallic acid which are implicated in plant preservation and hence induce strength against nematode infection. The results of current study indicated that aqueous leaf extracts of neem, moringa and canola parts in mixture can act as plant growth promoters and potentially be developed into a commercial nematicide to be used in sustainable and organic farming systems.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
A mixture of moringa or neem leaf extracts with canola parts gave better results than single extracts in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- A mixture of moringa or neem aqueous leaf extracts with different parts of canolae4
- Outcome
- better resultse4
- Direction
- bettere4
- Comparator
- single onese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to alleviate the deleterious effect of Meloidogyne incognita as well as ameliorate tomato growth in vivo”
e4“A mixture of moringa or neem aqueous leaf extracts with different parts of canola viz. leaf, stem and root gave better results than did single ones”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual application of neem leaf and canola parts extracts gave a detectable augmentation of tomato plant biomass compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Dual application of neem leaf extracts and canola parts extractse5
- Outcome
- plant biomasse5
- Direction
- augmentatione5
- Qualifier
- detectablee5
- Comparator
- other treatmentse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to alleviate the deleterious effect of Meloidogyne incognita as well as ameliorate tomato growth in vivo”
e5“Dual application of neem leaf extracts and canola parts extracts exhibited detectable augmentation in plant biomass better than other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The triple application of canola, moringa and neem leaf extracts surpassed all treatments and improved tomato length.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume6
- Treatment
- triple application of canola, moringa and neem leaf extractse6
- Outcome
- tomato lengthe6
- Direction
- improvede6
- Comparator
- all treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“However, triple application of canola, moringa and neem leaf extracts (41.0%) surpassed all treatments and improved tomato length”
Claim · model-written summary
All treatments significantly suppressed Meloidogyne incognita nematode population, root galling and number of egg masses in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- All treatmentse1
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae0pest - Outcome
- nematode population, root galling and number of egg massese1
- Direction
- suppressede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“to alleviate the deleterious effect of Meloidogyne incognita as well as ameliorate tomato growth in vivo”
e1“All treatments significantly (P<0.05) suppressed nematode population, root galling and number of egg masses”
Claim · model-written summary
The leaf extracts mixture of moringa, neem and canola had the highest nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- leaf extracts mixture of moringa, neem and canolae2
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pest
- Outcome
- nematicidal activitye2
- Direction
- higheste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to alleviate the deleterious effect of Meloidogyne incognita as well as ameliorate tomato growth in vivo”
e2“The highest nematicidal activity was performed by leaf extracts mixture of moringa, neem and canola”
Claim · model-written summary
The plant extracts mixture significantly induced NPK, chlorophyll A and B in tomato leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume3
- Organ / stage
- leavese3
- Treatment
- plant extracts mixturee3
- Outcome
- NPK, chlorophyll Aand Be3
- Direction
- inducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“NPK, chlorophyll Aand B, salicylic acid, phenols and phenylalinine enzyme (PAL) in tomato leaves were significantly (P<0.05) induced by plant extracts mixture”
Claim · model-written summary
The plant extracts mixture significantly induced salicylic acid, phenols and PAL enzyme in tomato leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume3
- Organ / stage
- leavese3
- Treatment
- plant extracts mixturee3
- Gene
- phenylalinine enzyme (PAL)e3
- Outcome
- salicylic acid, phenols and phenylalinine enzyme (PAL)e3
- Direction
- inducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“NPK, chlorophyll Aand B, salicylic acid, phenols and phenylalinine enzyme (PAL) in tomato leaves were significantly (P<0.05) induced by plant extracts mixture”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous neem leaf extract contained a number of flavonoids (21).
- Taxon
- neem
.jpg?width=60)
Azadirachta indicae7 - Outcome
- occurrence of a number of flavonoidse7
- Value
- 21e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e7“Phytochemical analysis of aqueous neem leaf extract demonstrated the occurrence of a number of flavonoids (21) and phenolic compounds (23) including Hespiridin, Naringin, Rosmarinic acid, Pyrogallol, Salicylic acid and Gallic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous neem leaf extract contained phenolic compounds (23).
- Taxon
- neemAzadirachta indicae7
- Outcome
- phenolic compoundse7
- Value
- 23e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Phytochemical analysis of aqueous neem leaf extract demonstrated the occurrence of a number of flavonoids (21) and phenolic compounds (23) including Hespiridin, Naringin, Rosmarinic acid, Pyrogallol, Salicylic acid and Gallic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Hespiridin, Naringin and Rosmarinic acid were identified in aqueous neem leaf extract.
- Taxon
- neemAzadirachta indicae7
- Outcome
- Hespiridin, Naringin, Rosmarinic acide7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Phytochemical analysis of aqueous neem leaf extract demonstrated the occurrence of a number of flavonoids (21) and phenolic compounds (23) including Hespiridin, Naringin, Rosmarinic acid, Pyrogallol, Salicylic acid and Gallic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrogallol, salicylic acid and gallic acid were identified in aqueous neem leaf extract.
- Taxon
- neemAzadirachta indicae7
- Outcome
- Pyrogallol, Salicylic acid and Gallic acide7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Phytochemical analysis of aqueous neem leaf extract demonstrated the occurrence of a number of flavonoids (21) and phenolic compounds (23) including Hespiridin, Naringin, Rosmarinic acid, Pyrogallol, Salicylic acid and Gallic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous leaf extracts of neem, moringa and canola can potentially be developed into a commercial nematicide.
- Taxon
- neem, moringa and canola
MoringaAzadirachta indica.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napus var. napuse7 - Outcome
- commercial nematicidee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e7“The results of current study indicated that aqueous leaf extracts of neem, moringa and canola parts in mixture can act as plant growth promoters and potentially be developed into a commercial nematicide”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous leaf extracts of neem, moringa and canola can act as plant growth promoters.
- Taxon
- neem, moringa and canolaMoringaAzadirachta indicaBrassica napus var. napuse7
- Outcome
- plant growth promoterse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The results of current study indicated that aqueous leaf extracts of neem, moringa and canola parts in mixture can act as plant growth promoters and potentially be developed into a commercial nematicide”
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