Abstract
the excessive amount of chemical fertilizer used in cultivation of onion. Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer (00-00, 40-20, 60-30, 80-40, 100-50 and 120-60 kg ha -1 N and P respectively), K was constant at 50 kg ha -1 laid out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Mycorrhizal colonization (%), plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, fresh and dry shoot biomass (g), and N, P, and K concentrations in plant were determined. The results showed no significant difference in plant height and number of leaves per plant between inoculated and un-inoculated plants at 4 weeks after transplant (WAT) for all treatments. Significant (P < 0.05) differences in plant growth response were observed among treatments at 8 WAT. Plant growth characteristics and nutrients concentration in plant tissue of un-inoculated plants increases with increase in N and P fertilizer application. Inoculated plants with 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK produced plants with highest growth parameters (38.63 cm, 13.66, 27.80g and 3.74 g) for plant height, number of leaves, fresh shoot and dry biomass respectively as compared to un-inoculated plants with high dosages (120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK) of fertilizer. Reduction in plant growth response and nutrients concentration of inoculated plants were observed with increase in fertilizer application from, 80-40, 100-50 and 120-60 kg ha -1 N and P. Root colonization by AMF occurred in all treatments including uninoculated plants. Colonization potential of AMF decreases with increase in fertilizer application. Root colonization level of Un-inoculated plants ranges from 11.2% in control plants to 2.4% in plants treated with 120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK. Applying fertilizer at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK recorded the highest colonization level (39.7%) followed by (31.9%) in plants treated with (40-20-50 kg ha -1 NPK) and values were statistically different compared to all treatments. Mycorrhizal inoculation influenced early growth and concentrations of N, P and K at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK fertilizer application rate. From this study, it can be concluded that using AMF could reduced the amount of excessive chemical fertilizer needed to produce onion.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated plants at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK had the highest plant height (38.63 cm) compared with un-inoculated plants at 120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepae0 - Treatment
- Inoculated plants with 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPKe1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 38.63 cme1
- Comparator
- un-inoculated plants with high dosages (120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e1“Inoculated plants with 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK produced plants with highest growth parameters (38.63 cm, 13.66, 27.80g and 3.74 g) for plant height, number of leaves, fresh shoot and dry biomass respectively as compared to un-inoculated plants with high dosages (120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated plants at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK had the highest number of leaves (13.66) compared with un-inoculated plants at 120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- Inoculated plants with 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPKe1
- Outcome
- number of leavese1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 13.66e1
- Comparator
- un-inoculated plants with high dosages (120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e1“Inoculated plants with 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK produced plants with highest growth parameters (38.63 cm, 13.66, 27.80g and 3.74 g) for plant height, number of leaves, fresh shoot and dry biomass respectively as compared to un-inoculated plants with high dosages (120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated plants at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK had the highest fresh shoot biomass (27.80 g) compared with un-inoculated plants at 120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- Inoculated plants with 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPKe1
- Outcome
- fresh shoote1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 27.80ge1
- Comparator
- un-inoculated plants with high dosages (120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e1“Inoculated plants with 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK produced plants with highest growth parameters (38.63 cm, 13.66, 27.80g and 3.74 g) for plant height, number of leaves, fresh shoot and dry biomass respectively as compared to un-inoculated plants with high dosages (120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated plants at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK had the highest dry biomass (3.74 g) compared with un-inoculated plants at 120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- Inoculated plants with 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPKe1
- Outcome
- dry biomasse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 3.74 ge1
- Comparator
- un-inoculated plants with high dosages (120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e1“Inoculated plants with 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK produced plants with highest growth parameters (38.63 cm, 13.66, 27.80g and 3.74 g) for plant height, number of leaves, fresh shoot and dry biomass respectively as compared to un-inoculated plants with high dosages (120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plants showed no significant difference in plant height and number of leaves at 4 weeks after transplant.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- inoculatede2
- Outcome
- plant height and number of leaves per plante2
- Direction
- no significant differencee2
- Qualifier
- at 4 weeks after transplant (WAT)e2
- Comparator
- un-inoculated plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e2“The results showed no significant difference in plant height and number of leaves per plant between inoculated and un-inoculated plants at 4 weeks after transplant (WAT) for all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant growth response of onion differed significantly among treatments at 8 weeks after transplant.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Outcome
- plant growth responsee3
- Qualifier
- at 8 WATe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e3“Significant (P < 0.05) differences in plant growth response were observed among treatments at 8 WAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant growth characteristics and nutrient concentration of un-inoculated onion increase with increasing N and P fertilizer application.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- increase in N and P fertilizer applicatione4
- Outcome
- Plant growth characteristics and nutrients concentration in plant tissuee4
- Direction
- increasese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e4“Plant growth characteristics and nutrients concentration in plant tissue of un-inoculated plants increases with increase in N and P fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant growth response and nutrient concentration of inoculated onion were reduced with increasing fertilizer application from 80-40 to 120-60 kg ha -1 N and P.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- increase in fertilizer applicatione5
- Outcome
- plant growth response and nutrients concentratione5
- Direction
- Reductione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e5“Reduction in plant growth response and nutrients concentration of inoculated plants were observed with increase in fertilizer application from, 80-40, 100-50 and 120-60 kg ha -1 N and P”
Claim · model-written summary
Root colonization by AMF occurred in all treatments, including un-inoculated onion plants.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Interactor
- AMFe6symbiont
- Outcome
- Root colonization by AMFe6
- Qualifier
- in all treatments including uninoculated plantse6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e6“Root colonization by AMF occurred in all treatments including uninoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The colonization potential of AMF decreased with increasing fertilizer application.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- increase in fertilizer applicatione7
- Interactor
- AMFe7symbiont
- Outcome
- Colonization potential of AMFe7
- Direction
- decreasese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e7“Colonization potential of AMF decreases with increase in fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Root colonization level of un-inoculated onion ranged from 11.2% in control plants to 2.4% at the highest fertilizer rate.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- Root colonization level of Un-inoculated plantse2
- Direction
- ranges frome2
- Value
- 11.2% in control plants to 2.4%e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e1“Root colonization by AMF occurred in all treatments including uninoculated plants”
e2“Root colonization level of Un-inoculated plants ranges from 11.2% in control plants to 2.4% in plants treated with 120-60-50 kg ha -1 NPK”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK gave the highest AMF colonization level (39.7%) of all treatments.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- Applying fertilizer at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPKe2
- Interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- colonization levele2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 39.7%e2
- Comparator
- all treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e1“Root colonization by AMF occurred in all treatments including uninoculated plants”
e2“Applying fertilizer at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK recorded the highest colonization level (39.7%) followed by (31.9%) in plants treated with (40-20-50 kg ha -1 NPK) and values were statistically different compared to all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants at 40-20-50 kg ha -1 NPK had AMF colonization level (31.9%) followed by the highest level at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- 40-20-50 kg ha -1 NPKe2
- Interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- colonization levele2
- Direction
- followed bye2
- Value
- 31.9%e2
- Comparator
- Applying fertilizer at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPKe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e1“Root colonization by AMF occurred in all treatments including uninoculated plants”
e2“Applying fertilizer at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK recorded the highest colonization level (39.7%) followed by (31.9%) in plants treated with (40-20-50 kg ha -1 NPK) and values were statistically different compared to all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation influenced early growth and concentrations of N, P and K at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- Mycorrhizal inoculatione1
- Outcome
- early growth and concentrations of N, P and Ke1
- Direction
- influencede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated and un-inoculated onion plant were grown with varying levels of N and P fertilizer”
e1“Mycorrhizal inoculation influenced early growth and concentrations of N, P and K at 60-30-50 kg ha -1 NPK fertilizer application rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Using AMF could reduce the amount of excessive chemical fertilizer needed to produce onion.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae1
- Interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- amount of excessive chemical fertilizer needede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“using AMF could reduced the amount of excessive chemical fertilizer needed to produce onion”
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