Abstract
(1) Experiments were conducted with 16 varie-ties of fall flowering chrysanthemum on their sensi-tivity to photoperiod and temperature in 1953. They were grown in the two localities (Nagano, 360m. and Osamura 850m. above the sea-level) having different temperature conditions, and under short day of 10 hours for 20 days or until flowering period, or under natural daylength. (2) Five out of 16 varieties tested, Hatsunishiki, Harukoma, Shochiku, Hitomesenryo and Hoyoku, differentiated flower bud at the same time irre-spective of photoperiod. Another 11 varieties differentiated flower bud when daylength had been reduced to below 14.5 hours. Time of flower bud differentiation in Shintoa, Ayamurasaki and Shiki-nohikari was somewhat earlier than that of the other varieties. (3) Development of flower bud in the five var-ieties, Hatsunishiki, Harukoma, Sh6chiku, Hitome-senryo and Hoyoku was not affected by photoperiod, but for the most part by temperature; temperature the cooler, flowering the later. In another 11 varieties, development of flower bud was affected by photoperiod and temperature. Flower bud developed when daylength had been reduced to 13.5 hours. In the four varieties, Shintoa, Ayamurasaki, Shikinohikari, and Shikinomidori, bud development was not retarded by higher temperature, while in other seven varieties, Kyowashiro, Renzannotsuki, Shuho, Sakuranohikari, Kurokoma, Hoen and Shin-ginga, it was retarded by higher temperature even, under the short day condition. (4) When influenced by extreme variation on daylength and temperature conditions before the differentiation of floret primordium, there appeared many crown buds resulting from imperfect flower bud development. (5) The chrysanthemum varieties tested were classified in the following groups in relation to their responses to temperature and photoperiod. A. Flowering was influenced mainly by temper-ature ature: Hatsunishiki, Harukoma, Shochiku, Hitome senryo, Hoyoku. B. Flowering was influenced mainly by daylengtft (flower bud differentiated when daylength had beenn reduced to 14.5 hours, flower bud developed when daylength had been reduced to 13.5 hours or less), (a) Flowering was forced by rather higher temper-ature; Shintoa, Ayamurasaki, Shikinohikari, Shikinomidori. (b) Flowering was retarded by higher temper-ature; Kyowashiro, Renzannotsuki, Shuho, Sakurano-hikari, Kurokoma, Hoen and Shinginga.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Five varieties differentiated flower buds at the same time regardless of photoperiod.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemum
.jpeg?width=60)
Chrysanthemumt0 - Material
- Hatsunishiki, Harukoma, Shochiku, Hitomesenryo and Hoyokue0
- Outcome
- differentiated flower bud at the same timee0
- Qualifier
- irre-spective of photoperiode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpeg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Five out of 16 varieties tested, Hatsunishiki, Harukoma, Shochiku, Hitomesenryo and Hoyoku, differentiated flower bud at the same time irre-spective of photoperiod”
t0“chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Eleven varieties differentiated flower buds below 14.5 hours of daylength.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Outcome
- differentiated flower bude0
- Qualifier
- below 14.5 hourse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Another 11 varieties differentiated flower bud when daylength had been reduced to below 14.5 hours”
t0“chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Bud differentiation occurred earlier in Shintoa, Ayamurasaki and Shiki-nohikari than other varieties.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Material
- Shintoa, Ayamurasaki and Shiki-nohikarie0
- Outcome
- Time of flower bud differentiatione0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Comparator
- other varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Time of flower bud differentiation in Shintoa, Ayamurasaki and Shiki-nohikari was somewhat earlier than that of the other varieties”
t0“chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cooler temperature delayed flowering in five photoperiod-insensitive varieties.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Treatment
- temperature the coolere0
- Outcome
- floweringe0
- Direction
- latere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“temperature the cooler, flowering the later”
t0“chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Flower buds of eleven varieties developed after daylength fell to 13.5 hours.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Outcome
- Flower bud developede0
- Qualifier
- 13.5 hourse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flower bud developed when daylength had been reduced to 13.5 hours”
t0“chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher temperature did not retard bud development in four varieties.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Material
- Shintoa, Ayamurasaki, Shikinohikari, and Shikinomidorie0
- Treatment
- higher temperaturee0
- Outcome
- bud developmente0
- Direction
- not retardede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the four varieties, Shintoa, Ayamurasaki, Shikinohikari, and Shikinomidori, bud development was not retarded by higher temperature”
t0“chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher temperature retarded bud development in seven varieties under short days.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Material
- Kyowashiro, Renzannotsuki, Shuho, Sakuranohikari, Kurokoma, Hoen and Shin-gingae0
- Treatment
- higher temperaturee0
- Outcome
- ite0
- Direction
- retardede0
- Qualifier
- short day conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in other seven varieties, Kyowashiro, Renzannotsuki, Shuho, Sakuranohikari, Kurokoma, Hoen and Shin-ginga, it was retarded by higher temperature even, under the short day condition”
t0“chrysanthemum”
Claim · model-written summary
Extreme daylength and temperature variation before floret initiation produced many crown buds.
- Taxon
- chrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
- Treatment
- extreme variation on daylength and temperature conditionse0
- Outcome
- many crown budse0
- Qualifier
- before the differentiation of floret primordiume0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When influenced by extreme variation on daylength and temperature conditions before the differentiation of floret primordium, there appeared many crown buds resulting from imperfect flower bud development”
t0“chrysanthemum”
The same questions in other papers
light · molecular: metabolites · ChrysanthemumPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.