Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the migration, availability, and relative effectiveness of Zn from liquid Zn-amino acids (Zn-AA) and Zn-DTPA-HEDTA-EDTA (Zn-CH: DTPA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetate; HEDTA, N-2-hydroxyethyl-ethylenedinitrilotriacetate; EDTA, ethylenedinitrilotetraacetate) sources by applying different Zn levels to a calcareous soil in incubation, column, and greenhouse experiments. Zinc soil behavior was evaluated by sequential fractionation, and DTPA and Mehlich-3 extractions. The results of the incubation study showed that amounts of Zn in the most labile fraction (water soluble plus exchangeable) were detected only when Zn-CH fertilizer was applied. A large portion of Zn applied to soil occurred in the amorphous Fe oxide bound fraction in all fertilization treatments. The results of the column study showed that addition of Zn-CH resulted in greatly increased mobility of Zn through the column as compared with the control and the Zn-AA source, and 49% of Zn applied as Zn-CH was leached from the column. The results of the greenhouse study showed in the absence of leaching that the application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize (Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment although the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further. The fertilizer treatments also significantly increased Zn concentration in plants, except the lowest dosage of Zn-AA. Zn-CH was more effective than Zn-AA. The differences in plant Zn uptake in the greenhouse experiment between two Zn sources was correlated with the water soluble plus exchangeable fraction and DTPA extractable Zn in the incubation experiment.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Zn in the most labile soil fraction was detected only when Zn-CH fertilizer was applied.
- Treatment
- Zn-CH fertilizere0
- Outcome
- amounts of Zn in the most labile fraction (water soluble plus exchangeable)e0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results of the incubation study showed that amounts of Zn in the most labile fraction (water soluble plus exchangeable) were detected only when Zn-CH fertilizer was applied”
e3“The results of the greenhouse study showed in the absence of leaching that the application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize (Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment although the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further”
Claim · model-written summary
A large portion of Zn applied to soil occurred in the amorphous Fe oxide bound fraction in all fertilization treatments.
- Treatment
- all fertilization treatmentse1
- Outcome
- amorphous Fe oxide bound fractione1
- Qualifier
- A large portione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A large portion of Zn applied to soil occurred in the amorphous Fe oxide bound fraction in all fertilization treatments”
e3“The results of the greenhouse study showed in the absence of leaching that the application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize (Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment although the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further”
Claim · model-written summary
Addition of Zn-CH greatly increased the mobility of Zn through the column compared with the control and the Zn-AA source.
- Treatment
- addition of Zn-CHe2
- Outcome
- mobility of Zn through the columne2
- Direction
- greatly increasede2
- Comparator
- the control and the Zn-AA sourcee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The results of the column study showed that addition of Zn-CH resulted in greatly increased mobility of Zn through the column as compared with the control and the Zn-AA source, and 49% of Zn applied as Zn-CH was leached from the column”
e3“The results of the greenhouse study showed in the absence of leaching that the application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize (Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment although the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further”
Claim · model-written summary
In the column study, 49% of Zn applied as Zn-CH was leached.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The results of the column study showed that addition of Zn-CH resulted in greatly increased mobility of Zn through the column as compared with the control and the Zn-AA source, and 49% of Zn applied as Zn-CH was leached from the column”
e3“The results of the greenhouse study showed in the absence of leaching that the application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize (Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment although the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further”
Claim · model-written summary
Two Zn sources significantly increased maize dry matter yield compared with the control treatment in the greenhouse, in the absence of leaching.
- Treatment
- application of two Zn sourcese3
- Outcome
- dry matter yielde3
- Direction
- significantly increasede3
- Qualifier
- in the absence of leachinge3
- Comparator
- the control treatmente3
- Setting
- greenhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The results of the greenhouse study showed in the absence of leaching that the application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize (Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment although the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing the Zn dosage did not increase maize dry matter further.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The results of the greenhouse study showed in the absence of leaching that the application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize (Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment although the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatments significantly increased Zn concentration in maize plants, except the lowest dosage of Zn-AA.
- Treatment
- fertilizer treatmentse4
- Outcome
- Zn concentration in plantse4
- Direction
- significantly increasede4
- Qualifier
- except the lowest dosage of Zn-AAe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The results of the greenhouse study showed in the absence of leaching that the application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize (Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment although the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further”
e4“The fertilizer treatments also significantly increased Zn concentration in plants, except the lowest dosage of Zn-AA”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-CH was more effective than Zn-AA for maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The results of the greenhouse study showed in the absence of leaching that the application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize (Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment although the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further”
e5“Zn-CH was more effective than Zn-AA”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant Zn uptake in the greenhouse was correlated with DTPA extractable Zn in the incubation experiment.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The results of the greenhouse study showed in the absence of leaching that the application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize (Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment although the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further”
e6“The differences in plant Zn uptake in the greenhouse experiment between two Zn sources was correlated with the water soluble plus exchangeable fraction and DTPA extractable Zn in the incubation experiment”
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