Abstract
Abstract G proteins function directly in cold tolerance of plants. However, the framework of the Gα subunit in regulating cold tolerance remains to be explored. Here, we used protein interaction techniques to elucidate cold-related pathways regulated by CsGPA1. Suppression of CsGPA1 decreased the cold tolerance of cucumber. Further protein interaction experiments showed that CsGPA1 interacted with Csa_4G663630.1 located in the cell membrane and nucleus and with CsCOR413PM2 located in the cell membrane. Csa_4G663630.1 was named CsCDL1 due to its 71% protein sequence similarity to AtCDL1, a positive brassinolide signal gene. Suppression of CsGPA1 decreased the expression of most of brassinolide-related genes (including CsCDL1) under cold stress. Principal component and linear regression analyses showed that expressions of CsGPA1 and brassinolide-related genes were positively correlated. Suppression of CsCOR413PM2 also decreased cold tolerance of cucumber. The expression and protein content of CsCOR413PM2 and CsGPA1 in CsGPA1-RNAi and CsCOR413PM2-RNAi lines were determined under cold tolerance. Only CsGPA1 silencing affected the expression and protein content of CsCOR413PM2 during cold stress. Moreover, suppression of CsGPA1 or CsCOR413PM2 decreased Ca 2+ influx at low temperature and then decreased the expression of CsICE–CsCBF. These results indicated that the CsGPA1–CsCOR413PM2–Ca2+ axis regulated the expression of CsICE–CsCBF during cold stress. In conclusion, Our results provide the first framework of CsGPA1 in regulating cold tolerance of cucumber, laying the foundation for further mechanistic studies of cold tolerance for Gα in cucumber.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
CsGPA1 suppression decreased cucumber cold tolerance.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- Suppression of CsGPA1e0
- Gene
- CsGPA1e0
- Outcome
- cold tolerancee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Suppression of CsGPA1 decreased the cold tolerance of cucumber.”
Claim · model-written summary
CsGPA1 interacted with Csa_4G663630.1 at the cell membrane and nucleus.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Gene
- CsGPA1e0
- Outcome
- interacted with Csa_4G663630.1e0
- Qualifier
- cell membrane and nucleuse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CsGPA1 interacted with Csa_4G663630.1 located in the cell membrane and nucleus”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
CsGPA1 interacted with CsCOR413PM2 at the cell membrane.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Gene
- CsGPA1e0
- Outcome
- with CsCOR413PM2 located in the cell membranee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CsGPA1 interacted with Csa_4G663630.1 located in the cell membrane and nucleus and with CsCOR413PM2 located in the cell membrane.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Csa_4G663630.1 was named CsCDL1 based on 71% similarity to AtCDL1.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Gene
- Csa_4G663630.1e0
- Outcome
- 71% protein sequence similarity to AtCDL1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Csa_4G663630.1 was named CsCDL1 due to its 71% protein sequence similarity to AtCDL1”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
CsGPA1 suppression decreased expression of most brassinolide-related genes under cold stress.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Suppression of CsGPA1e0
- Gene
- CsGPA1e0
- Outcome
- expression of most of brassinolide-related genese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- under cold stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Suppression of CsGPA1 decreased the expression of most of brassinolide-related genes (including CsCDL1) under cold stress.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
CsGPA1 expression was positively correlated with brassinolide-related gene expression.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Gene
- CsGPA1e0
- Outcome
- expressions of CsGPA1 and brassinolide-related genese0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expressions of CsGPA1 and brassinolide-related genes were positively correlated”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
CsCOR413PM2 suppression decreased cucumber cold tolerance.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Suppression of CsCOR413PM2e0
- Gene
- CsCOR413PM2e0
- Outcome
- cold tolerancee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Suppression of CsCOR413PM2 also decreased cold tolerance of cucumber.”
Claim · model-written summary
Only CsGPA1 silencing affected CsCOR413PM2 expression and protein content during cold stress.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- CsGPA1 silencinge0
- Gene
- CsCOR413PM2e0
- Outcome
- expression and protein content of CsCOR413PM2e0
- Qualifier
- during cold stresse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only CsGPA1 silencing affected the expression and protein content of CsCOR413PM2 during cold stress.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
CsGPA1 suppression decreased Ca 2+ influx at low temperature.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- suppression of CsGPA1e0
- Gene
- CsGPA1e0
- Outcome
- Ca 2+ influxe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- at low temperaturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suppression of CsGPA1 or CsCOR413PM2 decreased Ca 2+ influx at low temperature”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
CsCOR413PM2 suppression decreased Ca 2+ influx at low temperature.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Suppression of CsCOR413PM2e1
- Gene
- CsCOR413PM2e0
- Outcome
- Ca 2+ influxe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- at low temperaturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suppression of CsGPA1 or CsCOR413PM2 decreased Ca 2+ influx at low temperature”
e1“Suppression of CsCOR413PM2 also decreased cold tolerance of cucumber.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
CsGPA1 suppression decreased CsICE–CsCBF expression.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- suppression of CsGPA1e0
- Gene
- CsICE–CsCBFe0
- Outcome
- expression of CsICE–CsCBFe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suppression of CsGPA1 or CsCOR413PM2 decreased Ca 2+ influx at low temperature and then decreased the expression of CsICE–CsCBF”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
CsCOR413PM2 suppression decreased CsICE–CsCBF expression.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Suppression of CsCOR413PM2e1
- Gene
- CsICE–CsCBFe0
- Outcome
- expression of CsICE–CsCBFe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suppression of CsGPA1 or CsCOR413PM2 decreased Ca 2+ influx at low temperature and then decreased the expression of CsICE–CsCBF”
e1“Suppression of CsCOR413PM2 also decreased cold tolerance of cucumber.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that the CsGPA1–CsCOR413PM2–Ca2+ axis regulates CsICE–CsCBF expression during cold stress.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Gene
- CsGPA1–CsCOR413PM2–Ca2+ axise0
- Outcome
- expression of CsICE–CsCBFe0
- Qualifier
- during cold stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CsGPA1–CsCOR413PM2–Ca2+ axis regulated the expression of CsICE–CsCBF during cold stress”
t0“cucumber”
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