Abstract
(E)-2-Hexenal is one of the most prevalent and abundant volatile substances in fruits. Many researchers have attempted fumigation with (E)-2-hexenal to control fungal diseases with poor or no results; the key is the inability to maintain an effective concentration for a long time. Therefore, a new starch-based antifungal coating with (E)-2-hexenal microcapsules was prepared. The obtained results showed that the microcapsule embedding rate reached 78.95% by orthogonal optimization experiments and that the (E)-2-hexenal-based coating was effective at reducing the lesion diameter of apple fruit during storage at 25 °C after Penicillium expansum infection, and in other fruits; it also achieved a good antifungal effect. Moreover, the activities of the main defense-related enzymes and the expression of key genes involved in the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway, such as CHI, GLU, PAL, NPR1, and PR1, were enhanced by (E)-2-hexenal-based coating treatment. These findings suggest that the (E)-2-hexenal-based coating has the dual effect of direct antifungal and induction of apple system resistance. E2H-based coating is a promising approach to control postharvest Penicillium expansum in fruit.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The microcapsule embedding rate reached 78.95% after optimization.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Outcome
- microcapsule embedding ratee0
- Value
- 78.95%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the microcapsule embedding rate reached 78.95% by orthogonal optimization experiments”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The coating reduced apple fruit lesion diameter after P. expansum infection during storage at 25 °C.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- (E)-2-hexenal-based coatinge0
- Interactor
- Penicillium expansum
Penicillium expansume0pathogen - Outcome
- lesion diameter of apple fruite0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Setting
- storage at 25 °Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the (E)-2-hexenal-based coating was effective at reducing the lesion diameter of apple fruit during storage at 25 °C after Penicillium expansum infection”
Claim · model-written summary
The coating had an antifungal effect in other fruits.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- good antifungal effecte0
- Qualifier
- other fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and in other fruits; it also achieved a good antifungal effect.”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Coating treatment enhanced activities of defense-related enzymes.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- (E)-2-hexenal-based coating treatmente0
- Outcome
- activities of the main defense-related enzymese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the activities of the main defense-related enzymes and the expression of key genes involved in the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway, such as CHI, GLU, PAL, NPR1, and PR1, were enhanced by (E)-2-hexenal-based coating treatment.”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Coating treatment enhanced expression of salicylic acid pathway genes CHI, GLU, and PAL.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- (E)-2-hexenal-based coating treatmente0
- Gene
- CHI, GLU, PALe0
- Outcome
- expression of key genese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of key genes involved in the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway, such as CHI, GLU, PAL, NPR1, and PR1, were enhanced by (E)-2-hexenal-based coating treatment.”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Coating treatment enhanced expression of salicylic acid pathway genes NPR1 and PR1.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- (E)-2-hexenal-based coating treatmente0
- Gene
- NPR1, and PR1e0
- Outcome
- expression of key genese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of key genes involved in the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway, such as CHI, GLU, PAL, NPR1, and PR1, were enhanced by (E)-2-hexenal-based coating treatment.”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer a dual direct antifungal and induced-resistance effect of the coating in apple.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- (E)-2-hexenal-based coatinge0
- Outcome
- direct antifungal and induction of apple system resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the (E)-2-hexenal-based coating has the dual effect of direct antifungal and induction of apple system resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend E2H-based coating for postharvest P. expansum control in fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- Penicillium expansumPenicillium expansume0pathogen
- Outcome
- control postharvest Penicillium expansum in fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“E2H-based coating is a promising approach to control postharvest Penicillium expansum in fruit.”
t0“apple”
The same questions in other papers
storage · Penicillium expansum · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →storage · physiology: enzyme activity · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →storage · molecular: expression · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.