Abstract
Silicon is an important beneficial element for improving the photosynthetic efficiency and stress alleviation in crops. Phytoliths are silicon body accumulated in plant parts (plant stone) through bio-mineralization process and there is a significant positive correlation between Si content and phytolith content of crop materials including the leaves, stems and sheaths. A field experiment was focused on the effect of Soil Test Crop Response based fertilizers with silicon sources on growth, yield attributes and phytolith content of Maize hybrid Co 6 at Arasanur, Sivagangai district, Tamil Nadu under Typic Rhodustalf soil during 2021. The results showed that application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) performed well in enhancing growth and yield attributes viz., Leaf Area Index (5.95), plant height (228 cm), cob length (24.95 cm), number of grains cob-1 (329), grain yield (6.98 t ha-1), silicon content (6.07%) and phytolith content (1.22%), followed by STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1+ silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1 and both are on par with each other. However, the treatments T10 and T6 performed better in enhancing the growth and yield attributes of maize hybrid Co 6, the maximum Benefit Cost Ratio (2.28) was noticed in T6 (STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 + silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1) should be recommended for maize production successfully in laterite soil (Typic Rhodustalf). In future study, it is advisable to conduct further research with different silicon sources on maize under varied soil and climatic conditions.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) enhanced Leaf Area Index to 5.95.
- Treatment
- application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing)e0
- Outcome
- Leaf Area Indexe0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 5.95e0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) performed well in enhancing growth and yield attributes viz., Leaf Area Index (5.95), plant height (228 cm), cob length (24.95 cm), number of grains cob-1 (329), grain yield (6.98 t ha-1), silicon content (6.07%) and phytolith content (1.22%), followed by STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1+ silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1 and both are on par with each other.”
t0“Maize Hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) enhanced plant height to 228 cm.
- Treatment
- application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing)e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 228 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) performed well in enhancing growth and yield attributes viz., Leaf Area Index (5.95), plant height (228 cm), cob length (24.95 cm), number of grains cob-1 (329), grain yield (6.98 t ha-1), silicon content (6.07%) and phytolith content (1.22%), followed by STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1+ silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1 and both are on par with each other.”
t0“Maize Hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) enhanced cob length to 24.95 cm.
- Treatment
- application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing)e0
- Outcome
- cob lengthe0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 24.95 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) performed well in enhancing growth and yield attributes viz., Leaf Area Index (5.95), plant height (228 cm), cob length (24.95 cm), number of grains cob-1 (329), grain yield (6.98 t ha-1), silicon content (6.07%) and phytolith content (1.22%), followed by STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1+ silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1 and both are on par with each other.”
t0“Maize Hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) enhanced number of grains cob-1 to 329.
- Treatment
- application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing)e0
- Outcome
- number of grains cob-1e0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 329e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) performed well in enhancing growth and yield attributes viz., Leaf Area Index (5.95), plant height (228 cm), cob length (24.95 cm), number of grains cob-1 (329), grain yield (6.98 t ha-1), silicon content (6.07%) and phytolith content (1.22%), followed by STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1+ silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1 and both are on par with each other.”
t0“Maize Hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) enhanced grain yield to 6.98 t ha-1.
- Treatment
- application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing)e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 6.98 t ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) performed well in enhancing growth and yield attributes viz., Leaf Area Index (5.95), plant height (228 cm), cob length (24.95 cm), number of grains cob-1 (329), grain yield (6.98 t ha-1), silicon content (6.07%) and phytolith content (1.22%), followed by STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1+ silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1 and both are on par with each other.”
t0“Maize Hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) enhanced silicon content to 6.07%.
- Treatment
- application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing)e0
- Outcome
- silicon contente0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 6.07%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) performed well in enhancing growth and yield attributes viz., Leaf Area Index (5.95), plant height (228 cm), cob length (24.95 cm), number of grains cob-1 (329), grain yield (6.98 t ha-1), silicon content (6.07%) and phytolith content (1.22%), followed by STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1+ silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1 and both are on par with each other.”
t0“Maize Hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) enhanced phytolith content to 1.22%.
- Treatment
- application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing)e0
- Outcome
- phytolith contente0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 1.22%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that application of Soil Test Crop Response based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 and potassium silicate @ 1% foliar spray at knee high stage (25th Days After Sowing) and vegetative stage (45th Days After Sowing) performed well in enhancing growth and yield attributes viz., Leaf Area Index (5.95), plant height (228 cm), cob length (24.95 cm), number of grains cob-1 (329), grain yield (6.98 t ha-1), silicon content (6.07%) and phytolith content (1.22%), followed by STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1+ silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1 and both are on par with each other.”
t0“Maize Hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
The two silicon fertilizer treatments performed on par with each other.
- Outcome
- on par with each othere0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1+ silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1 and both are on par with each other”
t0“Maize Hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
T6 had the maximum benefit cost ratio of 2.28.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum Benefit Cost Ratio (2.28) was noticed in T6 (STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 + silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1)”
t0“Maize Hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend T6 for maize production in laterite soil.
- Outcome
- T6 (STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 + silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1)e0
- Setting
- laterite soil (Typic Rhodustalf)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T6 (STCR based N, P2O5, K2O + calcium silicate @ 400 kg ha-1 + silicate solubilizing bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1) should be recommended for maize production successfully in laterite soil (Typic Rhodustalf)”
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See all 96 papers →8 of 19 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.