Abstract
Auxin is well known to stimulate coleoptile elongation and rapid seedling growth in the air. However, its role in regulating rice germination and seedling establishment under submergence is largely unknown. Previous studies revealed that excessive levels of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA) frequently cause the inhibition of plant growth and development. In this study, the high-level accumulation of endogenous IAA is observed under dark submergence, stimulating rice coleoptile elongation but limiting the root and primary leaf growth during anaerobic germination (AG). We found that oxygen and light can reduce IAA levels, promote the seedling establishment and enhance rice AG tolerance. miRNA microarray profiling and RNA gel blot analysis results show that the expression of miR167 is negatively regulated by submergence; it subsequently modulates the accumulation of free IAA through the miR167-ARF-GH3 pathway. The OsGH3-8 encodes an IAA-amido synthetase that functions to prevent free IAA accumulation. Reduced miR167 levels or overexpressing OsGH3-8 increase auxin metabolism, reduce endogenous levels of free IAA and enhance rice AG tolerance. Our studies reveal that poor seed germination and seedling growth inhibition resulting from excessive IAA accumulation would cause intolerance to submergence in rice, suggesting that a certain threshold level of auxin is essential for rice AG tolerance.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Dark submergence increased endogenous IAA accumulation in rice.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“the high-level accumulation of endogenous IAA is observed under dark submergence”
Claim · model-written summary
High endogenous IAA under dark submergence stimulated rice coleoptile elongation.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Compound
- IAAe0
- Outcome
- coleoptile elongatione0
- Qualifier
- under dark submergencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the high-level accumulation of endogenous IAA is observed under dark submergence, stimulating rice coleoptile elongation”
Claim · model-written summary
High endogenous IAA under dark submergence limited rice root growth.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the high-level accumulation of endogenous IAA is observed under dark submergence, stimulating rice coleoptile elongation but limiting the root and primary leaf growth during anaerobic germination (AG)”
Claim · model-written summary
High endogenous IAA under dark submergence limited rice primary leaf growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Compound
- IAAe0
- Outcome
- primary leaf growthe0
- Qualifier
- during anaerobic germination (AG)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the high-level accumulation of endogenous IAA is observed under dark submergence, stimulating rice coleoptile elongation but limiting the root and primary leaf growth during anaerobic germination (AG)”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxygen reduced rice IAA levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- oxygene0
- Outcome
- IAA levelse0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“oxygen and light can reduce IAA levels, promote the seedling establishment and enhance rice AG tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Light reduced rice IAA levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- lighte0
- Outcome
- IAA levelse0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“oxygen and light can reduce IAA levels, promote the seedling establishment and enhance rice AG tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxygen promoted rice seedling establishment and enhanced anaerobic germination tolerance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- oxygene0
- Outcome
- seedling establishment and enhance rice AG tolerancee0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“oxygen and light can reduce IAA levels, promote the seedling establishment and enhance rice AG tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Light promoted rice seedling establishment and enhanced anaerobic germination tolerance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- lighte0
- Outcome
- seedling establishment and enhance rice AG tolerancee0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“oxygen and light can reduce IAA levels, promote the seedling establishment and enhance rice AG tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Submergence negatively regulated rice miR167 expression.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- submergencee0
- Gene
- miR167e0
- Outcome
- expression of miR167e0
- Direction
- negatively regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“the expression of miR167 is negatively regulated by submergence”
Claim · model-written summary
The miR167-ARF-GH3 pathway modulated rice free IAA accumulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- miR167-ARF-GH3 pathwaye0
- Outcome
- accumulation of free IAAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“it subsequently modulates the accumulation of free IAA through the miR167-ARF-GH3 pathway”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice OsGH3-8 encodes an IAA-amido synthetase that prevents free IAA accumulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- OsGH3-8e0
- Outcome
- free IAA accumulatione0
- Qualifier
- IAA-amido synthetasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“The OsGH3-8 encodes an IAA-amido synthetase that functions to prevent free IAA accumulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced miR167 levels increased rice auxin metabolism.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Reduced miR167 levelse0
- Gene
- miR167e0
- Outcome
- auxin metabolisme0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Reduced miR167 levels or overexpressing OsGH3-8 increase auxin metabolism, reduce endogenous levels of free IAA and enhance rice AG tolerance.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced miR167 levels reduced rice free IAA.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Reduced miR167 levelse0
- Gene
- miR167e0
- Outcome
- endogenous levels of free IAAe0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Reduced miR167 levels or overexpressing OsGH3-8 increase auxin metabolism, reduce endogenous levels of free IAA and enhance rice AG tolerance.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced miR167 levels enhanced rice anaerobic germination tolerance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Reduced miR167 levelse0
- Gene
- miR167e0
- Outcome
- rice AG tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Reduced miR167 levels or overexpressing OsGH3-8 increase auxin metabolism, reduce endogenous levels of free IAA and enhance rice AG tolerance.”
Claim · model-written summary
OsGH3-8 overexpression increased rice auxin metabolism.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- overexpressing OsGH3-8e0
- Gene
- OsGH3-8e0
- Outcome
- auxin metabolisme0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Reduced miR167 levels or overexpressing OsGH3-8 increase auxin metabolism, reduce endogenous levels of free IAA and enhance rice AG tolerance.”
Claim · model-written summary
OsGH3-8 overexpression reduced rice free IAA.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- overexpressing OsGH3-8e0
- Gene
- OsGH3-8e0
- Outcome
- endogenous levels of free IAAe0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Reduced miR167 levels or overexpressing OsGH3-8 increase auxin metabolism, reduce endogenous levels of free IAA and enhance rice AG tolerance.”
Claim · model-written summary
OsGH3-8 overexpression enhanced rice anaerobic germination tolerance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- overexpressing OsGH3-8e0
- Gene
- OsGH3-8e0
- Outcome
- rice AG tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Reduced miR167 levels or overexpressing OsGH3-8 increase auxin metabolism, reduce endogenous levels of free IAA and enhance rice AG tolerance.”
Claim · model-written summary
Excessive IAA may cause poor rice germination and seedling growth under submergence.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Compound
- IAAe0
- Outcome
- poor seed germination and seedling growth inhibitione0
- Qualifier
- submergencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“poor seed germination and seedling growth inhibition resulting from excessive IAA accumulation would cause intolerance to submergence in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Excessive IAA driven inhibition may cause rice intolerance to submergence.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Compound
- IAAe0
- Outcome
- intolerance to submergencee0
- Qualifier
- poor seed germination and seedling growth inhibitione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“poor seed germination and seedling growth inhibition resulting from excessive IAA accumulation would cause intolerance to submergence in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
A threshold auxin level may be essential for rice anaerobic germination tolerance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Compound
- auxine0
- Outcome
- rice AG tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- a certain threshold levele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a certain threshold level of auxin is essential for rice AG tolerance”
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