Abstract
Abstract Intercropping can promote positive plant–soil interactions resulting in improved nutrient availability and ecological fitness, with microbes playing a key role. However, the specific effects of peanut/sorghum intercropping on soil properties and microbial community remain unclear, especially under salt stress conditions. In this study, sole‐cropped peanut (SP) and intercropped peanut (IP) with sorghum in a field planting box experiment were performed under normal (N) and salt‐stress (S, 0.25% NaCl) conditions, aims to investigate the specific response of peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbial community to salt stress. The results showed that soil salinity negatively affects soil nutrient availability and enzymatic activities. To a certain extent, S‐IP has a definite effect on the improvement of soil properties, and ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 + ‐N) increased 5.45%, total phosphorus (TP) increased 8.01%, soil organic carbon (SOC) increased 4.02%, soil peroxidase (POD) increased 8.15%, soil nitrate reductase (NR) increased 17.07%, and soil fructose‐1,6‐biphosphate aldolase enzyme (FDA) increased 16.26% compared with S‐SP. Alterations of soil properties affect the microbial community structure and predicted function. Microbial community analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Massilia (5.79‐times), Conocybe (47.43‐times), Funneliformis (1.59‐times), and Talaromyces (14.49‐times) were significantly increased in S‐IP compared to S‐SP. Furthermore, the proportions of microbe associated with the saprotrophs were increased and pathogens were reduced in S‐IP than in S‐SP. Thus, peanut/sorghum intercropping under salt stress affects the potential functions of a microbial community by changing the soil properties and remodeling the microbial community, which had potential effects on improving the environmental adaptability and yield of peanuts.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Soil salinity negatively affected soil nutrient availability and enzymatic activities of peanut rhizosphere soil.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- soil salinitye1
- Outcome
- soil nutrient availability and enzymatic activitiese1
- Direction
- negatively affectse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“The results showed that soil salinity negatively affects soil nutrient availability and enzymatic activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut/sorghum intercropping under salt stress increased ammonium nitrogen compared with sole-cropped peanut under salt stress (5.45%).
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Outcome
- ammonium nitrogene1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 5.45%e1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 + ‐N) increased 5.45%”
e2“compared with S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut/sorghum intercropping under salt stress increased total phosphorus (TP) compared with sole-cropped peanut under salt stress (8.01%).
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Outcome
- total phosphorus (TP)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 8.01%e1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“total phosphorus (TP) increased 8.01%”
e2“compared with S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut/sorghum intercropping under salt stress increased soil organic carbon (SOC) compared with sole-cropped peanut under salt stress (4.02%).
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Outcome
- soil organic carbon (SOC)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 4.02%e1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“soil organic carbon (SOC) increased 4.02%”
e2“compared with S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut/sorghum intercropping under salt stress increased soil peroxidase (POD) compared with sole-cropped peanut under salt stress (8.15%).
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Outcome
- soil peroxidase (POD)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 8.15%e1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“soil peroxidase (POD) increased 8.15%”
e2“compared with S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut/sorghum intercropping under salt stress increased soil nitrate reductase (NR) compared with sole-cropped peanut under salt stress (17.07%).
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Outcome
- soil nitrate reductase (NR)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 17.07%e1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“soil nitrate reductase (NR) increased 17.07%”
e2“compared with S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut/sorghum intercropping under salt stress increased soil fructose‐1,6‐biphosphate aldolase enzyme (FDA) compared with sole-cropped peanut under salt stress (16.26%).
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Outcome
- soil fructose‐1,6‐biphosphate aldolase enzyme (FDA)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 16.26%e1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“soil fructose‐1,6‐biphosphate aldolase enzyme (FDA) increased 16.26%”
e2“compared with S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
Changes in soil properties affected the structure and predicted function of the microbial community.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- soil propertiese1
- Outcome
- microbial community structure and predicted functione1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“Alterations of soil properties affect the microbial community structure and predicted function”
Claim · model-written summary
Massilia relative abundance was increased about 5.79-fold in intercropped peanut relative to sole-cropped peanut under salt stress.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Outcome
- relative abundancee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 5.79‐timese1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe1
MassiliaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“the relative abundance of Massilia (5.79‐times), Conocybe (47.43‐times), Funneliformis (1.59‐times), and Talaromyces (14.49‐times) were significantly increased in S‐IP compared to S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
Conocybe relative abundance was increased about 47.43-fold in intercropped peanut relative to sole-cropped peanut under salt stress.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Outcome
- relative abundancee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 47.43‐timese1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe1
ConocybeOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“the relative abundance of Massilia (5.79‐times), Conocybe (47.43‐times), Funneliformis (1.59‐times), and Talaromyces (14.49‐times) were significantly increased in S‐IP compared to S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
Funneliformis relative abundance was increased about 1.59-fold in intercropped peanut relative to sole-cropped peanut under salt stress.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Interactor
- Funneliformis
Funneliformise1other - Outcome
- relative abundancee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 1.59‐timese1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“the relative abundance of Massilia (5.79‐times), Conocybe (47.43‐times), Funneliformis (1.59‐times), and Talaromyces (14.49‐times) were significantly increased in S‐IP compared to S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
Talaromyces relative abundance was increased about 14.49-fold in intercropped peanut relative to sole-cropped peanut under salt stress.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Interactor
- TalaromycesTalaromycese1other
- Outcome
- relative abundancee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 14.49‐timese1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“the relative abundance of Massilia (5.79‐times), Conocybe (47.43‐times), Funneliformis (1.59‐times), and Talaromyces (14.49‐times) were significantly increased in S‐IP compared to S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
The proportion of saprotroph-associated microbes was increased in intercropped peanut relative to sole-cropped peanut under salt stress.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Outcome
- proportions of microbe associated with the saprotrophse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“the proportions of microbe associated with the saprotrophs were increased and pathogens were reduced in S‐IP than in S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogens were reduced in intercropped peanut relative to sole-cropped peanut under salt stress.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Interactor
- pathogense1pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogense1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- S‐SPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“the proportions of microbe associated with the saprotrophs were increased and pathogens were reduced in S‐IP than in S‐SP”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping under salt stress may improve the environmental adaptability and yield of peanut by changing soil properties and the microbial community.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- environmental adaptability and yielde1
- Qualifier
- by changing the soil properties and remodeling the microbial communitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut/sorghum intercropping drives specific variation in peanut rhizosphere soil properties and microbiomes under salt stress”
e1“by changing the soil properties and remodeling the microbial community, which had potential effects on improving the environmental adaptability and yield of peanuts”
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