Abstract
Abstract Seaweed extracts (SWEs) are becoming integrated into crop production systems due to their multiple beneficial effects including growth promotion and induction of defence mechanisms. However, the comprehensive molecular mechanisms of these effects are yet to be elucidated. The current study investigated the transcriptomic changes induced by SWEs derived from Sargassum vulgare and Acanthophora spicifera on tomato and sweet pepper plants. Tomato and sweet pepper plants were subjected to foliar treatment with alkaline extracts prepared from the above seaweeds. Transcriptome changes in the plants were assessed 72 h after treatments using RNA sequencing. The treated plants were also analysed for defence enzyme activities, nutrient composition and phytohormonal profiles. The results showed the significant enrichment of genes associated with several growth and defence processes including photosynthesis, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, plant–pathogen interaction, secondary metabolite metabolism, MAPK signalling and amino acid biosynthesis. Activities of defence enzymes were also significantly increased in SWE-treated plants. Plant nutrient profiling showed significant increases in calcium, potassium, nitrogen, sulphur, boron, copper, iron, manganese, zinc and phosphorous levels in SWE-treated plants. Furthermore, the levels of auxins, cytokinins and gibberellins were also significantly increased in the treated plants. The severity of bacterial leaf spot and early blight incidence in plants treated with SWE was significantly reduced, in addition to other effects like an increase in chlorophyll content, plant growth, and fruit yield. The results demonstrated the complex effect of S. vulgare and A. spicifera extracts on the plants’ transcriptome and provided evidence of a strong role of these extracts in increasing plant growth responses while priming the plants against pathogenic attack simultaneously. The current study contributes to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of SWEs in plants and helps their usage as a viable organic input for sustainable crop production.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract treatment significantly enriched genes for growth and defence processes in tomato and sweet pepper
- Taxon
- tomato and sweet pepper
Capsicum annuum
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- foliar treatment with alkaline extractse1
- Outcome
- enrichment of genes associated with several growth and defence processese2
- Direction
- significant enrichmente2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transcriptome-wide modulation bySargassum vulgareandAcanthophora spiciferaextracts results in a prime-triggered plant signalling cascade in tomato and sweet pepper”
e1“Tomato and sweet pepper plants were subjected to foliar treatment with alkaline extracts prepared from the above seaweeds”
e2“The results showed the significant enrichment of genes associated with several growth and defence processes”
Claim · model-written summary
SWE treatment significantly increased defence enzyme activities
- Taxon
- tomato and sweet pepperCapsicum annuumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SWEe3
- Outcome
- Activities of defence enzymese3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transcriptome-wide modulation bySargassum vulgareandAcanthophora spiciferaextracts results in a prime-triggered plant signalling cascade in tomato and sweet pepper”
e3“Activities of defence enzymes were also significantly increased in SWE-treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
SWE treatment significantly increased calcium, potassium and nitrogen levels
- Taxon
- tomato and sweet pepperCapsicum annuumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SWEe4
- Outcome
- calcium, potassium, nitrogene4
- Direction
- increasese4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transcriptome-wide modulation bySargassum vulgareandAcanthophora spiciferaextracts results in a prime-triggered plant signalling cascade in tomato and sweet pepper”
e4“Plant nutrient profiling showed significant increases in calcium, potassium, nitrogen, sulphur, boron, copper, iron, manganese, zinc and phosphorous levels in SWE-treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
SWE treatment significantly increased sulphur, boron and copper levels
- Taxon
- tomato and sweet pepperCapsicum annuumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SWEe4
- Outcome
- sulphur, boron, coppere4
- Direction
- increasese4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transcriptome-wide modulation bySargassum vulgareandAcanthophora spiciferaextracts results in a prime-triggered plant signalling cascade in tomato and sweet pepper”
e4“Plant nutrient profiling showed significant increases in calcium, potassium, nitrogen, sulphur, boron, copper, iron, manganese, zinc and phosphorous levels in SWE-treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
SWE treatment significantly increased iron, manganese and zinc levels
- Taxon
- tomato and sweet pepperCapsicum annuumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SWEe4
- Outcome
- iron, manganese, zince4
- Direction
- increasese4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transcriptome-wide modulation bySargassum vulgareandAcanthophora spiciferaextracts results in a prime-triggered plant signalling cascade in tomato and sweet pepper”
e4“Plant nutrient profiling showed significant increases in calcium, potassium, nitrogen, sulphur, boron, copper, iron, manganese, zinc and phosphorous levels in SWE-treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
SWE treatment significantly increased phosphorous levels
- Taxon
- tomato and sweet pepperCapsicum annuumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SWEe4
- Outcome
- phosphorouse4
- Direction
- increasese4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transcriptome-wide modulation bySargassum vulgareandAcanthophora spiciferaextracts results in a prime-triggered plant signalling cascade in tomato and sweet pepper”
e4“Plant nutrient profiling showed significant increases in calcium, potassium, nitrogen, sulphur, boron, copper, iron, manganese, zinc and phosphorous levels in SWE-treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
SWE treatment significantly increased auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin levels
- Taxon
- tomato and sweet pepperCapsicum annuumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SWEe3
- Outcome
- levels of auxins, cytokinins and gibberellinse5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transcriptome-wide modulation bySargassum vulgareandAcanthophora spiciferaextracts results in a prime-triggered plant signalling cascade in tomato and sweet pepper”
e3“Activities of defence enzymes were also significantly increased in SWE-treated plants”
e5“the levels of auxins, cytokinins and gibberellins were also significantly increased in the treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
SWE treatment significantly reduced the severity of bacterial leaf spot
- Taxon
- tomato and sweet pepperCapsicum annuumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SWEe6
- Interactor
- bacterial leaf spote6pathogen
- Outcome
- severity of bacterial leaf spote6
- Direction
- reducede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transcriptome-wide modulation bySargassum vulgareandAcanthophora spiciferaextracts results in a prime-triggered plant signalling cascade in tomato and sweet pepper”
e6“The severity of bacterial leaf spot and early blight incidence in plants treated with SWE was significantly reduced”
Claim · model-written summary
SWE treatment significantly reduced early blight incidence
- Taxon
- tomato and sweet pepperCapsicum annuumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SWEe6
- Interactor
- early blighte6pathogen
- Outcome
- early blight incidencee6
- Direction
- reducede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transcriptome-wide modulation bySargassum vulgareandAcanthophora spiciferaextracts results in a prime-triggered plant signalling cascade in tomato and sweet pepper”
e6“The severity of bacterial leaf spot and early blight incidence in plants treated with SWE was significantly reduced”
Claim · model-written summary
SWE treatment increased chlorophyll content, plant growth and fruit yield
- Taxon
- tomato and sweet pepperCapsicum annuumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SWEe6
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, plant growth, and fruit yielde7
- Direction
- increasee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transcriptome-wide modulation bySargassum vulgareandAcanthophora spiciferaextracts results in a prime-triggered plant signalling cascade in tomato and sweet pepper”
e6“The severity of bacterial leaf spot and early blight incidence in plants treated with SWE was significantly reduced”
e7“an increase in chlorophyll content, plant growth, and fruit yield”
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