Abstract
As part of the effort to achieve zero hunger, the effect of fertilizer application on cassava roots was investigated on the quality attributes of a popular consumer product (gari) in Nigeria and other West African countries. A 2×3 full factorial design was used for the study. The study assessed the impact of varying fertilizer treatment levels (FTL) (0% (control), 50% (45, 20 and 35 kg/hectare of NPK-12-12-17, Muriate of Potash and Urea, respectively) and 100% (90, 40 and 70 kg/hectare of NPK-12-12-17, Muriate of Potash and Urea, respectively) of two cassava varieties (TMS 98/0505 and Oko-‘yawo) on the yield, chemical, physico-chemical and sensory parameters of gari. The data were subjected to Analysis of Variance, while means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test at p<0.05. There was a significant increase in yield, crude fat, crude protein, ash, and starch contents with an increase in FTL, while there was a significant reduction in cyanide with an increase in FTL from both cassava varieties. The bulk density and swelling capacity significantly decreased with an increase in FTL while water absorption capacity, reconstitution index, least gelation and pasting characteristics except for final viscosity, increased with an increase in FTL in gari from both cassava varieties. The sensory evaluation showed about 90% and 75% preference for gari from oko-’yawo and TMS 98/0505 without fertilizer treatment respectively. Fertilizer application had positive impacts on many objective parameters evaluated on the gari produced from both varieties and the one from TMS 98/0505 showed better characteristics than oko-’yawo at the same FTL. The subjective parameters were however not improved with fertilizer application.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatment level increased cassava gari yield.
- Taxon
- cassava
Manihot esculentat0 - Treatment
- fertilizer treatment levels (FTL)e2
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Comparator
- 0% (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional cassava varieties”
e2“varying fertilizer treatment levels (FTL) (0% (control)”
e1“There was a significant increase in yield, crude fat, crude protein, ash, and starch contents with an increase in FTL”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatment level increased crude fat, crude protein and ash contents of gari.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- fertilizer treatment levels (FTL)e2
- Outcome
- crude fat, crude protein, ashe1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Comparator
- 0% (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional cassava varieties”
e2“varying fertilizer treatment levels (FTL) (0% (control)”
e1“There was a significant increase in yield, crude fat, crude protein, ash, and starch contents with an increase in FTL”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatment level increased starch content of gari.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- fertilizer treatment levels (FTL)e2
- Outcome
- starch contentse1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Comparator
- 0% (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional cassava varieties”
e2“varying fertilizer treatment levels (FTL) (0% (control)”
e1“There was a significant increase in yield, crude fat, crude protein, ash, and starch contents with an increase in FTL”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatment level significantly reduced cyanide in gari from both varieties.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- fertilizer treatment levels (FTL)e2
- Outcome
- cyanidee3
- Direction
- reductione3
- Comparator
- 0% (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional cassava varieties”
e2“varying fertilizer treatment levels (FTL) (0% (control)”
e3“there was a significant reduction in cyanide with an increase in FTL from both cassava varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatment level decreased bulk density and swelling capacity of gari.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- fertilizer treatment levels (FTL)e2
- Outcome
- bulk density and swelling capacitye4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Comparator
- 0% (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional cassava varieties”
e2“varying fertilizer treatment levels (FTL) (0% (control)”
e4“The bulk density and swelling capacity significantly decreased with an increase in FTL”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatment level increased water absorption capacity, reconstitution index and least gelation of gari.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- fertilizer treatment levels (FTL)e2
- Outcome
- water absorption capacity, reconstitution index, least gelatione5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- 0% (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional cassava varieties”
e2“varying fertilizer treatment levels (FTL) (0% (control)”
e5“water absorption capacity, reconstitution index, least gelation and pasting characteristics except for final viscosity, increased with an increase in FTL in gari from both cassava varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatment level increased pasting characteristics of gari, except final viscosity.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- fertilizer treatment levels (FTL)e2
- Outcome
- pasting characteristicse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Qualifier
- except for final viscositye5
- Comparator
- 0% (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional cassava varieties”
e2“varying fertilizer treatment levels (FTL) (0% (control)”
e5“water absorption capacity, reconstitution index, least gelation and pasting characteristics except for final viscosity, increased with an increase in FTL in gari from both cassava varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Gari from both cassava varieties without fertilizer treatment was preferred by about 90% and 75% of sensory panelists.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- preferencee6
- Value
- about 90% and 75%e6
- Qualifier
- without fertilizer treatmente6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional cassava varieties”
e6“The sensory evaluation showed about 90% and 75% preference for gari from oko-’yawo and TMS 98/0505 without fertilizer treatment respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Gari from TMS 98/0505 showed better characteristics than gari from oko-’yawo at the same fertilizer treatment level.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Material
- TMS 98/0505e0
- Outcome
- characteristicse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- at the same FTLe0
- Comparator
- oko-’yawoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional cassava varieties”
e0“the one from TMS 98/0505 showed better characteristics than oko-’yawo at the same FTL”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer application did not improve subjective sensory parameters of gari.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- fertilizer applicatione7
- Outcome
- subjective parameterse7
- Direction
- not improvede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional cassava varieties”
e7“The subjective parameters were however not improved with fertilizer application”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.