Abstract
Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as a grain and fiber crop is experiencing a resurgence in North America. Due to governmental prohibition, there has been limited information on regional agronomic production systems including basic information on seed germination. This study was initiated to provide basic information on the relationship between temperature and germination in hemp seed. Germination was measured at constant temperatures ranging from 3 to 42 °C. Cardinal temperatures were determined for two industrial oil crop hemp cultivars (‘Georgina’ and ‘Victoria’). The optimal germination temperature indicated by a high mean germination percentage and rate was between 19 and 30 °C. Optimal (29.6 °C), base (3.4 °C) and ceiling (42.6 °C) temperatures were calculated from a linear regression of the germination rates to reach 50% germination for each temperature. The thermal time for ‘Georgina’ and ‘Victoria’ to reach 50% germination at suboptimal temperatures was 694 and 714 °C h, respectively. The osmotic and solid matrix-primed hemp seeds germinated faster than the untreated seeds, but the final germination percentages were not different. The primed seeds germinated faster at supraoptimal temperatures but did not impact final germination percentages in the thermally inhibited seeds.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
High hemp germination percentage and rate occurred between 19 and 30 °C.
- Taxon
- hemp
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativat0 - Outcome
- germination percentage and ratee0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- between 19 and 30 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimal germination temperature indicated by a high mean germination percentage and rate was between 19 and 30 °C.”
t0“Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The calculated optimal temperature was 29.6 °C.
- Taxon
- Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)
Cannabis sativat0 - Outcome
- Optimale0
- Value
- 29.6 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimal (29.6 °C), base (3.4 °C) and ceiling (42.6 °C) temperatures were calculated from a linear regression of the germination rates to reach 50% germination for each temperature.”
t0“Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The calculated base temperature was 3.4 °C.
- Taxon
- Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)Cannabis sativat0
- Outcome
- basee0
- Value
- 3.4 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimal (29.6 °C), base (3.4 °C) and ceiling (42.6 °C) temperatures were calculated from a linear regression of the germination rates to reach 50% germination for each temperature.”
t0“Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The calculated ceiling temperature was 42.6 °C.
- Taxon
- Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)Cannabis sativat0
- Outcome
- ceilinge0
- Value
- 42.6 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimal (29.6 °C), base (3.4 °C) and ceiling (42.6 °C) temperatures were calculated from a linear regression of the germination rates to reach 50% germination for each temperature.”
t0“Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Georgina required 694 °C h to reach 50% germination at suboptimal temperatures.
- Taxon
- Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)Cannabis sativat0
- Material
- ‘Georgina’e0
- Outcome
- thermal timee0
- Value
- 694e0
- Qualifier
- suboptimal temperaturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The thermal time for ‘Georgina’ and ‘Victoria’ to reach 50% germination at suboptimal temperatures was 694 and 714 °C h, respectively.”
t0“Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Victoria required 714 °C h to reach 50% germination at suboptimal temperatures.
- Taxon
- Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)Cannabis sativat0
- Material
- ‘Victoria’e0
- Outcome
- thermal timee0
- Value
- 714 °C he0
- Qualifier
- suboptimal temperaturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The thermal time for ‘Georgina’ and ‘Victoria’ to reach 50% germination at suboptimal temperatures was 694 and 714 °C h, respectively.”
t0“Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic priming made hemp seeds germinate faster than untreated seeds.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativae0
- Treatment
- osmotice0
- Outcome
- germinatede0
- Direction
- fastere0
- Comparator
- untreated seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The osmotic and solid matrix-primed hemp seeds germinated faster than the untreated seeds, but the final germination percentages were not different.”
Claim · model-written summary
Solid matrix priming made hemp seeds germinate faster than untreated seeds.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativae0
- Treatment
- solid matrix-primede0
- Outcome
- germinatede0
- Direction
- fastere0
- Comparator
- untreated seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The osmotic and solid matrix-primed hemp seeds germinated faster than the untreated seeds, but the final germination percentages were not different.”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming did not produce a reported difference in final germination percentage.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativae0
- Treatment
- primede0
- Outcome
- final germination percentagese0
- Direction
- not differente0
- Comparator
- untreated seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The osmotic and solid matrix-primed hemp seeds germinated faster than the untreated seeds, but the final germination percentages were not different.”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed seeds germinated faster at supraoptimal temperatures.
- Taxon
- Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)Cannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- primed seedse0
- Outcome
- germinatede0
- Direction
- fastere0
- Qualifier
- supraoptimal temperaturese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The primed seeds germinated faster at supraoptimal temperatures but did not impact final germination percentages in the thermally inhibited seeds.”
t0“Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming did not affect final germination percentage in thermally inhibited seeds.
- Taxon
- Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)Cannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- primed seedse0
- Outcome
- final germination percentagese0
- Direction
- did not impacte0
- Qualifier
- thermally inhibited seedse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The primed seeds germinated faster at supraoptimal temperatures but did not impact final germination percentages in the thermally inhibited seeds.”
t0“Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
The same questions in other papers
seed treatment · growth · Cannabis sativaPositive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.