Abstract
Mitochondrial retrograde signaling (MRS) supports photosynthetic function under a variety of conditions. Induction of mitochondrial dysfunction with myxothiazol (a specific inhibitor of the mitochondrial bc1 complex) or antimycin A (an inhibitor of the mitochondrial bc1 complex and cyclic electron transport in the chloroplast under light conditions) in the light and dark revealed diurnal control of MRS. This was evidenced by (1) significantly enhanced binding of ANAC017 to promoters in the light compared with the dark in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol (but not antimycin A), (2) overlap in the experimentally determined binding sites for ANAC017 and circadian clock regulators in the promoters of ANAC013 and AOX1a, (3) a diurnal expression pattern for ANAC017 and transcription factors it regulates, (4) altered expression of ANAC017-regulated genes in circadian clock mutants with and without myxothiazol treatment, and (5) a decrease in the magnitude of LHY and CCA1 expression in an ANAC017-overexpressing line and protein–protein interaction between ANAC017 and PIF4. This study also shows a large difference in transcriptome responses to antimycin A and myxothiazol in the dark: these responses are ANAC017 independent, observed in shoots and roots, similar to biotic challenge and salicylic acid responses, and involve ERF and ZAT transcription factors. This suggests that antimycin A treatment stimulates a second MRS pathway that is mediated or converges with salicylic acid signaling and provides a merging point with chloroplast retrograde signaling.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Myxothiazol enhanced ANAC017 promoter binding in light versus dark, unlike antimycin A.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- myxothiazole0
- Gene
- ANAC017e0
- Outcome
- binding of ANAC017 to promoterse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- darke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly enhanced binding of ANAC017 to promoters in the light compared with the dark in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol (but not antimycin A)”
Claim · model-written summary
ANAC017 and circadian clock regulator binding sites overlapped in ANAC013 and AOX1a promoters.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- ANAC017e0
- Outcome
- overlap in the experimentally determined binding sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overlap in the experimentally determined binding sites for ANAC017 and circadian clock regulators in the promoters of ANAC013 and AOX1a”
t0“in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol”
Claim · model-written summary
ANAC017 and its regulated transcription factors had diurnal expression.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- ANAC017e0
- Outcome
- diurnal expression patterne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a diurnal expression pattern for ANAC017 and transcription factors it regulates”
t0“in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol”
Claim · model-written summary
ANAC017-regulated genes had altered expression in clock mutants with and without myxothiazol.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- circadian clock mutantse0
- Gene
- ANAC017-regulated genese0
- Outcome
- altered expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“altered expression of ANAC017-regulated genes in circadian clock mutants with and without myxothiazol treatment”
t0“in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol”
Claim · model-written summary
LHY and CCA1 expression magnitude decreased in the ANAC017 overexpression line.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ANAC017-overexpressing linee0
- Gene
- LHY and CCA1e0
- Outcome
- magnitude of LHY and CCA1 expressione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in the magnitude of LHY and CCA1 expression in an ANAC017-overexpressing line and protein–protein interaction between ANAC017 and PIF4”
t0“in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol”
Claim · model-written summary
ANAC017 and PIF4 had a protein–protein interaction.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- ANAC017 and PIF4e0
- Outcome
- protein–protein interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“protein–protein interaction between ANAC017 and PIF4”
t0“in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol”
Claim · model-written summary
Antimycin A and myxothiazol produced substantially different dark transcriptome responses.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- large difference in transcriptome responsese0
- Comparator
- antimycin A and myxothiazole0
- Setting
- darke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a large difference in transcriptome responses to antimycin A and myxothiazol in the dark”
t0“in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol”
Claim · model-written summary
The dark transcriptome responses were ANAC017-independent in shoots and roots and resembled biotic challenge and salicylic acid responses.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- shoots and rootse0
- Gene
- ANAC017e0
- Outcome
- ANAC017 independente0
- Qualifier
- similar to biotic challenge and salicylic acid responsese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these responses are ANAC017 independent, observed in shoots and roots, similar to biotic challenge and salicylic acid responses, and involve ERF and ZAT transcription factors.”
t0“in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol”
Claim · model-written summary
The dark transcriptome responses involved ERF and ZAT transcription factors.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- ERF and ZAT transcription factorse0
- Outcome
- involve ERF and ZAT transcription factorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these responses are ANAC017 independent, observed in shoots and roots, similar to biotic challenge and salicylic acid responses, and involve ERF and ZAT transcription factors.”
t0“in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer antimycin A stimulates another MRS pathway linked to salicylic acid and chloroplast retrograde signaling.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- antimycin A treatmente0
- Outcome
- a second MRS pathwaye0
- Qualifier
- mediated or converges with salicylic acid signalinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This suggests that antimycin A treatment stimulates a second MRS pathway that is mediated or converges with salicylic acid signaling and provides a merging point with chloroplast retrograde signaling.”
t0“in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol”