Abstract
The properties of phytases of raw, soaked and germinated wheat, barley, sorghum and maize were studied. The optimal pH value was 5.0 for wheat, barley and sorghum phytases and 5.5 for maize germ phytase. The optimal temperature of wheat and barley phytases was 55oC while of sorghum and maize germ it was 50oC. Both optimal pH and temperature of phytases of different cereal grains did not affect by soaking or germination processes. Data revealed that maximal activity of phytase was found to be at 2.0 mM sodium phytate concentration from wheat, barley and sorghum and at 1.5 mM from maize germ. The calculated Michael's constant (Km) and their corresponding Vmax values of the extracted phytases from 96 h-germinated studied grains were varied. The enzyme activity was decreased with extending the incubation time more than 2 h for wheat, barley and maize germ phytase, and more than 1 h for sorghum phytase. Ca2+ ions addition caused less reduction of phytase activity of all studied cereals, whereas others metal ions had variable effect on reduction of enzyme activity. Wheat and sorghum showed high increase in their phytase activities after 120 h- germination. The same effect was observed after 96 h-germination of barley and maize germ. At above germination times, phytase activity increased by 5.4-, 4.6-, 7.3- and 6.9-folds for wheat, barley, sorghum and maize germ, respectively compared with that before germination.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat, barley and sorghum phytases had an optimal pH of 5.0.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Gene
- phytasese0
- Outcome
- optimal pH valuee0
- Value
- 5.0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimal pH value was 5.0 for wheat, barley and sorghum phytases”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize germ phytase had an optimal pH of 5.5.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“5.5 for maize germ phytase”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat and barley phytases had an optimal temperature of 55oC.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Gene
- phytasese0
- Outcome
- optimal temperaturee0
- Value
- 55oCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimal temperature of wheat and barley phytases was 55oC”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum and maize germ phytase had an optimal temperature of 50oC.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of sorghum and maize germ it was 50oC”
e1“The optimal temperature of wheat and barley phytases”
Claim · model-written summary
Soaking and germination did not alter optimal phytase pH or temperature.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- soaking or germination processese0
- Outcome
- optimal pH and temperaturee0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both optimal pH and temperature of phytases of different cereal grains did not affect by soaking or germination processes”
e1“raw, soaked and germinated wheat, barley, sorghum and maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytase activity was maximal at 2.0 mM sodium phytate for wheat, barley and sorghum.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 2.0 mM sodium phytatee0
- Gene
- phytasee0
- Outcome
- maximal activity of phytasee0
- Value
- 2.0 mMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximal activity of phytase was found to be at 2.0 mM sodium phytate concentration from wheat, barley and sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize germ phytase activity was maximal at 1.5 mM sodium phytate.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 1.5 mM from maize germ”
e1“maximal activity of phytase was found to be at 2.0 mM sodium phytate concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytase Km and Vmax varied among the 96 h germinated cereal grains.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- Michael's constant (Km) and their corresponding Vmax valuese0
- Direction
- variede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The calculated Michael's constant (Km) and their corresponding Vmax values of the extracted phytases from 96 h-germinated studied grains were varied.”
e1“raw, soaked and germinated wheat, barley, sorghum and maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytase activity declined beyond two hours incubation for wheat, barley and maize germ.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- more than 2 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The enzyme activity was decreased with extending the incubation time more than 2 h for wheat, barley and maize germ phytase”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum phytase activity declined after more than one hour incubation.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more than 1 h for sorghum phytase”
e1“The enzyme activity was decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Added Ca2+ caused a smaller reduction in phytase activity than other metal ions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Ca2+ ions additione0
- Outcome
- phytase activitye0
- Direction
- less reductione0
- Comparator
- others metal ionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca2+ ions addition caused less reduction of phytase activity of all studied cereals, whereas others metal ions had variable effect on reduction of enzyme activity.”
e1“raw, soaked and germinated wheat, barley, sorghum and maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Other metal ions variably reduced cereal phytase activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- others metal ionse0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“others metal ions had variable effect on reduction of enzyme activity”
e1“raw, soaked and germinated wheat, barley, sorghum and maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat phytase activity increased 5.4-fold after 120 hours germination.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- 120 h- germinatione0
- Outcome
- phytase activitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 5.4-e1
- Comparator
- before germinatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat and sorghum showed high increase in their phytase activities after 120 h- germination.”
e1“phytase activity increased by 5.4-, 4.6-, 7.3- and 6.9-folds for wheat, barley, sorghum and maize germ, respectively compared with that before germination.”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley phytase activity increased 4.6-fold after 96 hours germination.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree1 - Treatment
- 96 h-germinatione0
- Outcome
- phytase activitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 4.6-e1
- Comparator
- before germinatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“after 96 h-germination of barley and maize germ”
e1“phytase activity increased by 5.4-, 4.6-, 7.3- and 6.9-folds for wheat, barley, sorghum and maize germ, respectively compared with that before germination.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum phytase activity increased 7.3-fold after 120 hours germination.
- Treatment
- 120 h- germinatione0
- Outcome
- phytase activitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 7.3-e1
- Comparator
- before germinatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat and sorghum showed high increase in their phytase activities after 120 h- germination.”
e1“phytase activity increased by 5.4-, 4.6-, 7.3- and 6.9-folds for wheat, barley, sorghum and maize germ, respectively compared with that before germination.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize germ phytase activity increased 6.9-fold after 96 hours germination.
- Treatment
- 96 h-germinatione0
- Outcome
- phytase activitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 6.9-foldse1
- Comparator
- before germinatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after 96 h-germination of barley and maize germ”
e1“phytase activity increased by 5.4-, 4.6-, 7.3- and 6.9-folds for wheat, barley, sorghum and maize germ, respectively compared with that before germination.”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.