Abstract
Abstract Due to increased demand, labor costs, and water scarcity, farmers look for an alternative way of rice cultivation under prevailing conventional transplanting. Direct‐seeded Oryza sativa and system of rice intensification (SRI) have been developed as superior substitutes to transplanting. However, if weeds are not controlled properly, the direct seeding method faces serious weed infestation and yield losses. In this context, a field study was undertaken during kharif growing seasons to evaluate the growth and yield of O. sativa under various crop establishment methods and weed management practices. The results revealed that system of rice intensification (SRI) method of crop establishment significantly produced taller plants, higher dry matter accumulation, a greater number of tillers per meter square, highest leaf area index, yield attributes, namely, panicle density, panicle length, and grains per panicle, and higher grain and straw yield over direct seeded rice (DSR) and transplanted O. sativa . Among the various weed management practices, penoxsulam produced significantly higher grain and straw yield. The results demonstrated that average grain yield increase with SRI was reported to be 24.11% and 23.62% over DSR and 10.47% and 12.23% over transplanted O. sativa . Among various establishment techniques, lower weed density and dry weed biomass were achieved by transplanting O. sativa . Penoxsulam herbicides significantly reduced the weed density and dry weed biomass but penoxsulam herbicide demonstrated significantly the maximum reduction in number of weeds per meter square and dry weed biomass and proved superior against complex weed flora.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
SRI produced taller plants and more dry matter, tillers and leaf area than direct seeding and transplanting.
- Taxon
- O. sativa
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- system of rice intensification (SRI)e0
- Outcome
- taller plants, higher dry matter accumulation, a greater number of tillers per meter squaree0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- direct seeded rice (DSR) and transplanted O. sativae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“system of rice intensification (SRI) method of crop establishment significantly produced taller plants, higher dry matter accumulation, a greater number of tillers per meter square, highest leaf area index, yield attributes, namely, panicle density, panicle length, and grains per panicle, and higher grain and straw yield over direct seeded rice (DSR) and transplanted O. sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
SRI increased panicle density, panicle length and grains per panicle relative to direct seeding and transplanting.
- Taxon
- O. sativaOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- system of rice intensification (SRI)e0
- Outcome
- panicle density, panicle length, and grains per paniclee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- direct seeded rice (DSR) and transplanted O. sativae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“system of rice intensification (SRI) method of crop establishment significantly produced taller plants, higher dry matter accumulation, a greater number of tillers per meter square, highest leaf area index, yield attributes, namely, panicle density, panicle length, and grains per panicle, and higher grain and straw yield over direct seeded rice (DSR) and transplanted O. sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
SRI increased grain and straw yield relative to direct seeding and transplanting.
- Taxon
- O. sativaOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- SRIe1
- Outcome
- grain and straw yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- direct seeded rice (DSR) and transplanted O. sativae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher grain and straw yield over direct seeded rice (DSR) and transplanted O. sativa”
t0“Oryza sativa L.”
e1“system of rice intensification (SRI) method of crop establishment”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam increased grain and straw yield.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- penoxsulame0
- Outcome
- grain and straw yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“penoxsulam produced significantly higher grain and straw yield”
t0“Oryza sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
SRI grain yield increased by 24.11% over DSR.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- SRIe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 24.11%e0
- Comparator
- DSRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“average grain yield increase with SRI was reported to be 24.11% and 23.62% over DSR”
t0“Oryza sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
SRI grain yield increased by 23.62% over DSR in the second reported comparison.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- SRIe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 23.62%e0
- Comparator
- DSRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“average grain yield increase with SRI was reported to be 24.11% and 23.62% over DSR”
t0“Oryza sativa L.”
Claim · model-written summary
SRI grain yield increased by 10.47% over transplanted rice.
- Taxon
- O. sativaOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- SRIe1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 10.47%e0
- Comparator
- transplanted O. sativae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“10.47% and 12.23% over transplanted O. sativa”
e1“average grain yield increase with SRI”
Claim · model-written summary
SRI grain yield increased by 12.23% over transplanted rice in the second reported comparison.
- Taxon
- O. sativaOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- SRIe1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 12.23%e0
- Comparator
- transplanted O. sativae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“10.47% and 12.23% over transplanted O. sativa”
e1“average grain yield increase with SRI”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanting reduced weed density and dry weed biomass among establishment techniques.
- Taxon
- O. sativaOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- transplantinge0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed density and dry weed biomasse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower weed density and dry weed biomass were achieved by transplanting O. sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam reduced weed density and dry weed biomass.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam herbicidese0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed density and dry weed biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam herbicides significantly reduced the weed density and dry weed biomass”
t0“Oryza sativa L.”
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