Abstract
The direct use of spent liquor from pulping and papermaking engineering, which is abundant in active organic matter, can avoid resource wastage and environmental pollution. In this study, the effects of soaking solution and filtrate from steam-exploded rice straw on seed germination and the early development of cabbage were investigated. The results have shown that soaking solution and filtrate stimulated early cabbage growth at low concentrations. Optimal germination potential and the rate of soaking solution-treated cabbage seeds increased by 8% and 5%, respectively; meanwhile, that of the filtrate-treated cabbage seeds increased by 11% and 5%, respectively. Promotion of root growth by steam-exploded rice straw spent liquor was expressed in lateral root multiplication. The fresh weight of cabbage seedlings treated with the soaking solution/filtrate increased by more than 50% and the dry weight over 20%. Comparatively, the stimulation of filtrate on seed germination and early development of cabbage is superior to that of the soaking solution. Steam-exploded rice straw spent liquor is rich in bioactive lignin and oligosaccharides, which makes it a promising biostimulant for promoting crop growth.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Soaking solution and filtrate stimulated early cabbage growth at low concentrations.
- Taxon
- cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitatae0 - Treatment
- soaking solution and filtratee0
- Outcome
- early cabbage growthe0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Qualifier
- at low concentrationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking solution and filtrate stimulated early cabbage growth at low concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Soaking solution increased cabbage optimal germination potential by 8%.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Treatment
- soaking solutione1
- Outcome
- germination potentiale1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 8%e1
- Qualifier
- Optimale1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Optimal germination potential and the rate of soaking solution-treated cabbage seeds increased by 8% and 5%, respectively; meanwhile, that of the filtrate-treated cabbage seeds increased by 11% and 5%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soaking solution increased cabbage germination rate by 5%.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Treatment
- soaking solutione1
- Outcome
- the ratee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 5%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Optimal germination potential and the rate of soaking solution-treated cabbage seeds increased by 8% and 5%, respectively; meanwhile, that of the filtrate-treated cabbage seeds increased by 11% and 5%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Filtrate increased cabbage germination potential by 11%.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Treatment
- filtratee1
- Outcome
- germination potentiale1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 11%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Optimal germination potential and the rate of soaking solution-treated cabbage seeds increased by 8% and 5%, respectively; meanwhile, that of the filtrate-treated cabbage seeds increased by 11% and 5%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Filtrate increased cabbage germination rate by 5%.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Treatment
- filtratee1
- Outcome
- the ratee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 5%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Optimal germination potential and the rate of soaking solution-treated cabbage seeds increased by 8% and 5%, respectively; meanwhile, that of the filtrate-treated cabbage seeds increased by 11% and 5%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Steam-exploded rice straw spent liquor promoted cabbage root growth, expressed as lateral root multiplication.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae3
- Organ / stage
- lateral roote2
- Treatment
- steam-exploded rice straw spent liquore2
- Outcome
- root growthe2
- Direction
- Promotione2
- Qualifier
- expressed in lateral root multiplicatione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Promotion of root growth by steam-exploded rice straw spent liquor was expressed in lateral root multiplication”
e3“the early development of cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Soaking solution and filtrate increased cabbage seedling fresh weight by more than 50%.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae4
- Treatment
- soaking solution/filtratee4
- Outcome
- fresh weighte4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- more than 50%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The fresh weight of cabbage seedlings treated with the soaking solution/filtrate increased by more than 50% and the dry weight over 20%”
Claim · model-written summary
Soaking solution and filtrate increased cabbage seedling dry weight by over 20%.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae4
- Treatment
- soaking solution/filtratee4
- Outcome
- dry weighte4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- over 20%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The fresh weight of cabbage seedlings treated with the soaking solution/filtrate increased by more than 50% and the dry weight over 20%”
Claim · model-written summary
Filtrate stimulated cabbage seed germination and early development more than soaking solution did.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae5
- Treatment
- filtratee5
- Outcome
- seed germination and early developmente5
- Direction
- superiore5
- Comparator
- soaking solutione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“the stimulation of filtrate on seed germination and early development of cabbage is superior to that of the soaking solution”
Claim · model-written summary
Steam-exploded rice straw spent liquor is rich in bioactive lignin and oligosaccharides.
Verbatim
e6“Steam-exploded rice straw spent liquor is rich in bioactive lignin and oligosaccharides”
Claim · model-written summary
Steam-exploded rice straw spent liquor is a promising biostimulant for promoting crop growth.
Verbatim
e6“Steam-exploded rice straw spent liquor is rich in bioactive lignin and oligosaccharides”
e7“promising biostimulant for promoting crop growth”
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73 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
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See all 79 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.