Abstract
An experiment was carried out in the year 2019-20 to study the effect of Azotobacter, PSB and vermicompost on growth, flowering, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv. Chandler in the garden, Department of Horticulture, C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.). There were ten treatments comprising three levels each of Azotobacter (5, 6 and 7 kg/ha), PSB (5, 6 and 7 kg/ha) and vermicompost (20, 25 and 30 t/ha) along with one control, replicated thrice in randomized block design. Five kg of FYM + 250g Neem cake was applied as a basal dose along with paddy straw as a mulch material in all the treatments including control. All the doses of Azotobactor, PSB and vermicompost were applied at the time of planting in the field. The data obtained were analyzed and it was recorded that the application of Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha significantly increased the height of plant (16.25 cm), number of leaves (55.40), crowns (6.60) and runners (5.25) per plant, whereas maximum number of flowers (75.45), fruits set (28.35) per plant with increased duration of harvesting (67.90 days) and minimum number of days taken to produce first flower (61.85 days) with significantly more yield (185.75 g/plant) were observed in Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha fertilized plants. Plants fertilized with Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha also produced the berries with maximum length (3.80 cm), width (2.52 cm), weight (7.40 g), TSS (9.21°Brix), total sugars (8.21%), ascorbic acid (55.29 mg/100g edible portion) with minimum titratable acidity (0.601%) in comparison to other treatments under plains of central Uttar Pradesh.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha significantly increased plant height (16.25 cm).
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- height of plante1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 16.25 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e1“the application of Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha significantly increased the height of plant (16.25 cm), number of leaves (55.40), crowns (6.60) and runners (5.25) per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha significantly increased number of leaves (55.40) per plant.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- number of leavese1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 55.40e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e1“the application of Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha significantly increased the height of plant (16.25 cm), number of leaves (55.40), crowns (6.60) and runners (5.25) per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha significantly increased number of crowns (6.60) per plant.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- crownse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 6.60e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e1“the application of Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha significantly increased the height of plant (16.25 cm), number of leaves (55.40), crowns (6.60) and runners (5.25) per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha significantly increased number of runners (5.25) per plant.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- runnerse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 5.25e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e1“the application of Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha significantly increased the height of plant (16.25 cm), number of leaves (55.40), crowns (6.60) and runners (5.25) per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha gave the maximum number of flowers (75.45) per plant.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae5
- Outcome
- number of flowerse2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Value
- 75.45e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e2“maximum number of flowers (75.45), fruits set (28.35) per plant”
e5“with significantly more yield (185.75 g/plant) were observed in Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha fertilized plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha gave the maximum fruit set (28.35) per plant.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae5
- Outcome
- fruits sete2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Value
- 28.35e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e2“maximum number of flowers (75.45), fruits set (28.35) per plant”
e5“with significantly more yield (185.75 g/plant) were observed in Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha fertilized plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha increased the duration of harvesting (67.90 days).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae5
- Outcome
- duration of harvestinge3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 67.90 dayse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e3“with increased duration of harvesting (67.90 days)”
e5“with significantly more yield (185.75 g/plant) were observed in Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha fertilized plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha gave the minimum number of days taken to produce the first flower (61.85 days).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae5
- Outcome
- number of days taken to produce first flowere4
- Direction
- minimume4
- Value
- 61.85 dayse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e4“minimum number of days taken to produce first flower (61.85 days)”
e5“with significantly more yield (185.75 g/plant) were observed in Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha fertilized plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha significantly increased yield (185.75 g/plant).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae5
- Outcome
- yielde5
- Direction
- moree5
- Value
- 185.75 g/plante5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e5“with significantly more yield (185.75 g/plant) were observed in Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha fertilized plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha gave berries of maximum length (3.80 cm).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae6
- Outcome
- lengthe6
- Direction
- maximume6
- Value
- 3.80 cme6
- Comparator
- other treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e6“Plants fertilized with Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha also produced the berries with maximum length (3.80 cm), width (2.52 cm), weight (7.40 g), TSS (9.21°Brix), total sugars (8.21%), ascorbic acid (55.29 mg/100g edible portion) with minimum titratable acidity (0.601%) in comparison to other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha gave berries of maximum width (2.52 cm).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae6
- Outcome
- widthe6
- Direction
- maximume6
- Value
- 2.52 cme6
- Comparator
- other treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e6“Plants fertilized with Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha also produced the berries with maximum length (3.80 cm), width (2.52 cm), weight (7.40 g), TSS (9.21°Brix), total sugars (8.21%), ascorbic acid (55.29 mg/100g edible portion) with minimum titratable acidity (0.601%) in comparison to other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha gave berries of maximum weight (7.40 g).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae6
- Outcome
- weighte6
- Direction
- maximume6
- Value
- 7.40 ge6
- Comparator
- other treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e6“Plants fertilized with Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha also produced the berries with maximum length (3.80 cm), width (2.52 cm), weight (7.40 g), TSS (9.21°Brix), total sugars (8.21%), ascorbic acid (55.29 mg/100g edible portion) with minimum titratable acidity (0.601%) in comparison to other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha gave berries with maximum TSS (9.21°Brix).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae6
- Outcome
- TSSe6
- Direction
- maximume6
- Value
- 9.21°Brixe6
- Comparator
- other treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e6“Plants fertilized with Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha also produced the berries with maximum length (3.80 cm), width (2.52 cm), weight (7.40 g), TSS (9.21°Brix), total sugars (8.21%), ascorbic acid (55.29 mg/100g edible portion) with minimum titratable acidity (0.601%) in comparison to other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha gave berries with maximum total sugars (8.21%).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae6
- Outcome
- total sugarse6
- Direction
- maximume6
- Value
- 8.21%e6
- Comparator
- other treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e6“Plants fertilized with Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha also produced the berries with maximum length (3.80 cm), width (2.52 cm), weight (7.40 g), TSS (9.21°Brix), total sugars (8.21%), ascorbic acid (55.29 mg/100g edible portion) with minimum titratable acidity (0.601%) in comparison to other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha gave berries with maximum ascorbic acid (55.29 mg/100g edible portion).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae6
- Outcome
- ascorbic acide6
- Direction
- maximume6
- Value
- 55.29 mg/100g edible portione6
- Comparator
- other treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e6“Plants fertilized with Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha also produced the berries with maximum length (3.80 cm), width (2.52 cm), weight (7.40 g), TSS (9.21°Brix), total sugars (8.21%), ascorbic acid (55.29 mg/100g edible portion) with minimum titratable acidity (0.601%) in comparison to other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha gave berries with minimum titratable acidity (0.601%).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Azotobacter at 7 kg/hae6
- Outcome
- titratable aciditye6
- Direction
- minimume6
- Value
- 0.601%e6
- Comparator
- other treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“quality of strawberry”
e6“Plants fertilized with Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha also produced the berries with maximum length (3.80 cm), width (2.52 cm), weight (7.40 g), TSS (9.21°Brix), total sugars (8.21%), ascorbic acid (55.29 mg/100g edible portion) with minimum titratable acidity (0.601%) in comparison to other treatments”
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