Abstract
To optimize the nutrient supply of strawberry, fertilization was reduced as much as possible on the premise of satisfying the elements needed for strawberry growth. This study put forward a modified nutrient solution formula (NM) by adjusting the ratios of N/K, K/Ca, NO3--N/NH4+-N in vegetative growth, flowering and fruiting, and fruit expanding stages based on Yamasaki strawberry nutrient solution formula (NY). Taking the NY as the control group, the NM was verified with elevated-grown 'Ssanta' strawberry using three different substrates (Vulcanics-added substrate, Horticultural substrate, Commercial substrate) in greenhouse. The results indicated that under the NM treatment, strawberry plants had better photosynthesis in the vegetative growth stage and flowering and fruiting stage, and the first crop yield and total crops yield per plant also increased by 20%. Although the vegetative growth stage was longer, it entered the full fruiting stage earlier so that the maturity stage was advanced one week. Compared to strawberries grown in horticultural substrate irrigated with NY, the fruit yield per plant of ‘Ssanta’ strawberry grown in horticultural substrate irrigated with NM increased by 26%, and the sugar-acid ratio and vitamin C content of primary fruits reached 10.6 and 74.1 mg/100g, improving by 41% and 34% respectively. The NM based on the growth stage can optimize the element needs of strawberry in all growth and development stages and maintain the substrate's pH stability, improving the yield and quality of 'Ssanta' strawberry under substrate cultivation. Therefore, it is recommended to use the horticultural substrate irrigated with the modified nutrient solution for the 'Ssanta' strawberries cultivation elevated in greenhouse to improve the economic benefit of strawberry cultivation. Keywords: elevated-grown strawberry, nutrient solution formula, substrate cultivation, phenological stage, fruit yield, fruit quality DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231602.7797 Citation: Yu W Z, Zheng J F, Wang Y L, Ji F, Zhu B Y. Adjusting the nutrient solution formula based on growth stages to promote the yield and quality of strawberry in greenhouse. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(2): 57-64.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
NM improved strawberry photosynthesis in vegetative growth and flowering and fruiting stages.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Organ / stage
- vegetative growth stage and flowering and fruiting stagee0
- Treatment
- NM treatmente0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- bettere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“under the NM treatment, strawberry plants had better photosynthesis in the vegetative growth stage and flowering and fruiting stage”
Claim · model-written summary
NM increased first crop yield by 20%.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- NMe1
- Outcome
- first crop yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Comparator
- NYe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the first crop yield and total crops yield per plant also increased by 20%.”
t0“strawberry”
e1“under the NM treatment”
e2“horticultural substrate irrigated with NY”
Claim · model-written summary
NM increased total crop yield per plant by 20%.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- NMe1
- Outcome
- total crops yield per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Comparator
- NYe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the first crop yield and total crops yield per plant also increased by 20%.”
t0“strawberry”
e1“under the NM treatment”
e2“horticultural substrate irrigated with NY”
Claim · model-written summary
NM lengthened the vegetative growth stage.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- NMe1
- Outcome
- vegetative growth stagee0
- Direction
- longere0
- Comparator
- NYe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although the vegetative growth stage was longer, it entered the full fruiting stage earlier so that the maturity stage was advanced one week.”
t0“strawberry”
e1“under the NM treatment”
e2“horticultural substrate irrigated with NY”
Claim · model-written summary
NM brought full fruiting earlier and advanced maturity by one week.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- NMe1
- Outcome
- maturity stagee0
- Direction
- advancede0
- Value
- one weeke0
- Comparator
- NYe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although the vegetative growth stage was longer, it entered the full fruiting stage earlier so that the maturity stage was advanced one week.”
t0“strawberry”
e1“under the NM treatment”
e2“horticultural substrate irrigated with NY”
Claim · model-written summary
NM in horticultural substrate raised Ssanta fruit yield per plant by 26% versus NY.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Ssantae0
- Treatment
- horticultural substrate irrigated with NMe0
- Outcome
- fruit yield per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 26%e0
- Comparator
- horticultural substrate irrigated with NYe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to strawberries grown in horticultural substrate irrigated with NY, the fruit yield per plant of ‘Ssanta’ strawberry grown in horticultural substrate irrigated with NM increased by 26%”
Claim · model-written summary
NM in horticultural substrate improved the sugar-acid ratio of primary Ssanta fruits by 41% to 10.6.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- NMe1
- Outcome
- sugar-acid ratioe0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Value
- 41%e0
- Qualifier
- 10.6e0
- Comparator
- NYe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sugar-acid ratio and vitamin C content of primary fruits reached 10.6 and 74.1 mg/100g, improving by 41% and 34% respectively.”
t0“strawberry”
e1“under the NM treatment”
e2“horticultural substrate irrigated with NY”
Claim · model-written summary
NM in horticultural substrate improved vitamin C in primary Ssanta fruits by 34% to 74.1 mg/100g.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- NMe1
- Outcome
- vitamin C contente0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Value
- 74.1 mg/100ge0
- Qualifier
- 34%e0
- Comparator
- NYe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sugar-acid ratio and vitamin C content of primary fruits reached 10.6 and 74.1 mg/100g, improving by 41% and 34% respectively.”
t0“strawberry”
e1“under the NM treatment”
e2“horticultural substrate irrigated with NY”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors state that stage-based NM maintained substrate pH stability.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- NMe0
- Outcome
- substrate's pH stabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The NM based on the growth stage can optimize the element needs of strawberry in all growth and development stages and maintain the substrate's pH stability, improving the yield and quality of 'Ssanta' strawberry under substrate cultivation.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend horticultural substrate with modified nutrient solution for elevated greenhouse Ssanta strawberry cultivation.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Outcome
- use the horticultural substrate irrigated with the modified nutrient solution for the 'Ssanta' strawberries cultivation elevated in greenhousee0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore, it is recommended to use the horticultural substrate irrigated with the modified nutrient solution for the 'Ssanta' strawberries cultivation elevated in greenhouse to improve the economic benefit of strawberry cultivation.”
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