Abstract
The foliar fertilization has been used as an important agrotechnical measure to avoid deficiencies and to improve quality. During the three consecutive years, a study has been performed on Vitis vinifera L. (cv. ‘Cardinal’) to examine whether a yield and grape berry quality have been affected by the foliar application of Ca and N fertilizers. A liquid mineral fertilizer containing 40% Ca(NO₃)₂ as Variant I and 31% N with 0,015 % Fe-chelate; 0,01 % Mg – chelat as Variant II (in text) has been sprayed four times during the growing period (before and after blooming, buckshot berries, and verasion). Results showed that foliar application of calcium and nitrogen increased the yield of table grapes in all three years of research, in comparison with a control variant. The highest yields of grapes in all three years of investigations were achieved in Variant II – 4.57 kg/vine (14.85 t/ha). During the tree years of investigations, the largest mass of grape bunch and berries were recorded in Variant II (382g and 368.68g), while the lowest cluster weight was in the control variant (344g and 330.92g). With a reference to the mechanical properties of the grape berries, the highest resistance to pressure (2229.70g) and breaking resistance (364.52g) were found in Variant I, treated with Ca fertilizer. The foliar application significantly affects the mechanical properties (resistance of the berry to pressure and breaking), especially in Variant I. The application of different types of foliar fertilizers did not have any significant effect on sugar contents and total acids, compared with the control variant.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar calcium and nitrogen application increased table grape yield in all three years relative to control.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of calcium and nitrogen increased the yield of table grapes in all three years of research, in comparison with a control variant”
t0“table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Variant II produced the highest grape yield in all three years, 4.57 kg per vine or 14.85 t/ha.
- Taxon
- table grapest0
- Treatment
- Variant IIe0
- Outcome
- yields of grapese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 4.57 kg/vine (14.85 t/ha)e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The highest yields of grapes in all three years of investigations were achieved in Variant II – 4.57 kg/vine (14.85 t/ha)”
e1“31% N with 0,015 % Fe-chelate; 0,01 % Mg – chelat as Variant II”
t0“table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Variant II yielded the largest grape bunch mass, 382g.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the largest mass of grape bunch and berries were recorded in Variant II (382g and 368.68g)”
t0“table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Variant II yielded the largest berry mass, 368.68g.
- Taxon
- table grapest0
- Treatment
- Variant IIe0
- Outcome
- mass of grape bunch and berriese0
- Direction
- largeste0
- Value
- 368.68ge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the largest mass of grape bunch and berries were recorded in Variant II (382g and 368.68g)”
t0“table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Control vines had the lowest cluster weight, 344g.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest cluster weight was in the control variant (344g and 330.92g)”
t0“table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
The control variant also had a reported berry mass of 330.92g.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest cluster weight was in the control variant (344g and 330.92g)”
t0“table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Variant I calcium treatment gave the highest berry pressure resistance, 2229.70g.
- Taxon
- table grapest0
- Treatment
- Variant I, treated with Ca fertilizere0
- Outcome
- resistance to pressuree0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2229.70ge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the highest resistance to pressure (2229.70g) and breaking resistance (364.52g) were found in Variant I, treated with Ca fertilizer”
t0“table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Variant I calcium treatment gave the highest berry breaking resistance, 364.52g.
- Taxon
- table grapest0
- Treatment
- Variant I, treated with Ca fertilizere0
- Outcome
- breaking resistancee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 364.52ge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the highest resistance to pressure (2229.70g) and breaking resistance (364.52g) were found in Variant I, treated with Ca fertilizer”
t0“table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilizer significantly affected berry resistance to pressure and breaking, especially in Variant I.
- Taxon
- table grapest0
- Treatment
- foliar applicatione0
- Outcome
- resistance of the berry to pressure and breakinge0
- Qualifier
- especially in Variant Ie0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“The foliar application significantly affects the mechanical properties (resistance of the berry to pressure and breaking), especially in Variant I.”
t0“table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Different foliar fertilizers had no significant effect on sugar content relative to control.
Verbatim
e0“The application of different types of foliar fertilizers did not have any significant effect on sugar contents and total acids, compared with the control variant”
t0“table grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Different foliar fertilizers had no significant effect on total acids relative to control.
Verbatim
e0“The application of different types of foliar fertilizers did not have any significant effect on sugar contents and total acids, compared with the control variant”
t0“table grapes”
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See all 87 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.