Abstract
Broccoli is an important cole crop, widely grown in India. The excessive use of inorganic fertilizer, resulting in infertility of soil and chemically toxic agricultural by-products, is one of the most limiting factors affecting the quality production and productivity of the crop. To evaluate the effect of different organic and inorganic nitrogen sources and the application of different mulching materials on productivity and quality aspects of broccoli cv Palam Samridhi, the experiment was conducted for two years during 2021-22 and 2022-23. Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch) and quality traits such as highest chlorophyll (19.83%) in N3M2 (50% N Urea(108kg/ha)+50% N FYM (10t/ha) + Black Polythene mulch). In contrast, Proline (36.58%) were recorded in treatment N4M1 (50% N Urea (108kg/ha) +50% N Vermicompost (4t/ha) + Paddy Straw mulch), which was found superior overall individual treatments and their combination.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N5M2 gave the highest plant height of 36.12cm among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- Broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicae0 - Material
- Palam Samridhie1
- Treatment
- 50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulche2
- Outcome
- plant heighte2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 36.12cme2
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e1“broccoli cv Palam Samridhi”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N5M2 gave the highest leaf length of 22.39cm among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Material
- Palam Samridhie1
- Treatment
- 50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulche2
- Outcome
- leaf lengthe2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 22.39cme2
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e1“broccoli cv Palam Samridhi”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N5M2 gave the highest leaf width of 13.30 among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Material
- Palam Samridhie1
- Treatment
- 50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulche2
- Outcome
- leaf widthe2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 13.30e2
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e1“broccoli cv Palam Samridhi”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N5M2 gave the highest stem diameter of 2.5 among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Material
- Palam Samridhie1
- Treatment
- 50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulche2
- Outcome
- stem diametere2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 2.5e2
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e1“broccoli cv Palam Samridhi”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N5M2 gave the highest plant spread of 1687.60cm2 among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Material
- Palam Samridhie1
- Treatment
- 50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulche2
- Outcome
- plant spreade2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 1687.60cm2e2
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e1“broccoli cv Palam Samridhi”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N5M2 gave the highest head weight of 367.75g among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Material
- Palam Samridhie1
- Treatment
- 50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulche2
- Outcome
- head weighte2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 367.75ge2
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e1“broccoli cv Palam Samridhi”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N5M2 gave the highest head yield/ha of 254.43q/ha among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Material
- Palam Samridhie1
- Treatment
- 50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulche2
- Outcome
- head yield/hae2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 254.43q/hae2
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e1“broccoli cv Palam Samridhi”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N5M2 gave the highest moisture of 91.65% among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Material
- Palam Samridhie1
- Treatment
- 50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulche2
- Outcome
- moisturee2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 91.65%e2
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e1“broccoli cv Palam Samridhi”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N5M2 gave the highest TSS of 8.10°B among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Material
- Palam Samridhie1
- Treatment
- 50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulche2
- Outcome
- TSSe2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 8.10°Be2
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e1“broccoli cv Palam Samridhi”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N5M2 gave the highest head dry matter of 12.54% among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Material
- Palam Samridhie1
- Treatment
- 50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulche2
- Outcome
- head dry mattere2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 12.54%e2
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e1“broccoli cv Palam Samridhi”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N5M2 gave the highest protein of 3.65% among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Material
- Palam Samridhie1
- Treatment
- 50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulche2
- Outcome
- proteine2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 3.65%e2
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e1“broccoli cv Palam Samridhi”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N3M2 gave the highest chlorophyll of 19.83% among the treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- 50% N Urea(108kg/ha)+50% N FYM (10t/ha) + Black Polythene mulche3
- Outcome
- chlorophylle3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 19.83%e3
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
e3“quality traits such as highest chlorophyll (19.83%) in N3M2 (50% N Urea(108kg/ha)+50% N FYM (10t/ha) + Black Polythene mulch)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N4M1 gave higher proline of 36.58% than the other treatments in broccoli.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- 50% N Urea (108kg/ha) +50% N Vermicompost (4t/ha) + Paddy Straw mulche4
- Outcome
- Prolinee4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 36.58%e4
- Comparator
- Among the treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e2“Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch)”
e4“In contrast, Proline (36.58%) were recorded in treatment N4M1 (50% N Urea (108kg/ha) +50% N Vermicompost (4t/ha) + Paddy Straw mulch), which was found superior overall individual treatments and their combination”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment N4M1 was found superior overall to the individual treatments and their combination.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Outcome
- superior overalle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Schema note from the model: referent of "which" is ambiguous: N4M1 or N5M2
Verbatim
e0“Broccoli is an important cole crop”
e4“In contrast, Proline (36.58%) were recorded in treatment N4M1 (50% N Urea (108kg/ha) +50% N Vermicompost (4t/ha) + Paddy Straw mulch), which was found superior overall individual treatments and their combination”
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See all 7 papers →8 of 21 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.