Abstract
Abstract Spring‐sown maize, marrow‐stem kale. and potatoes, followed by autumn‐sown Italian ryegrass. were grown for four years on land previously under good pasture for 14 years. High crop yields were maintained over the four years if fertilisers were applied. Inadequate nitrogen limited production of maize and potatoes after the first year. and inadequate nitrogen and po~sibly sulphur limited the production of kale after the first year. There was no evidence that cropping produced physical deterioration of the soil sufficient to affect growth of any of the crops. Soil organic matter was decreasing at the rapid annual rate of about 5 per cent when the soil was kept fallow but to a smaller extent when plants were grown. Discrepancies between the amounts of nitrogen mineralised and used by the crops and ryegra~s suggest that losses of available nitrogen occurred. Exchangeable cations decreased significantly and the use of urea was accompanied by a considerable drop in exchangeable calcium. base saturation. and pH.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilisers maintained high crop yields over four years.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spring‐sown maize, marrow‐stem kale. and potatoes, followed by autumn‐sown Italian ryegrass”
e1“High crop yields were maintained over the four years if fertilisers were applied”
Claim · model-written summary
Inadequate nitrogen limited production of maize and potatoes after the first year.
- Taxon
- maize and potatoes
Solanum tuberosum
Zea mayse2 - Treatment
- Inadequate nitrogene2
- Outcome
- productione2
- Direction
- limitede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spring‐sown maize, marrow‐stem kale. and potatoes, followed by autumn‐sown Italian ryegrass”
e2“Inadequate nitrogen limited production of maize and potatoes after the first year”
Claim · model-written summary
Inadequate nitrogen and possibly sulphur limited kale production after the first year.
- Taxon
- kale
Brassica oleracea var. viridise3 - Treatment
- inadequate nitrogen and po~sibly sulphure3
- Outcome
- productione3
- Direction
- limitede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spring‐sown maize, marrow‐stem kale. and potatoes, followed by autumn‐sown Italian ryegrass”
e3“inadequate nitrogen and po~sibly sulphur limited the production of kale after the first year”
Claim · model-written summary
Cropping did not physically deteriorate the soil enough to affect crop growth.
- Outcome
- physical deterioration of the soile4
- Qualifier
- sufficient to affect growth of any of the cropse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spring‐sown maize, marrow‐stem kale. and potatoes, followed by autumn‐sown Italian ryegrass”
e4“There was no evidence that cropping produced physical deterioration of the soil sufficient to affect growth of any of the crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil organic matter decreased at about 5 per cent a year when the soil was kept fallow, to a smaller extent when plants were grown.
- Treatment
- kept fallowe5
- Outcome
- Soil organic mattere5
- Direction
- decreasinge5
- Value
- about 5 per cente5
- Comparator
- when plants were growne5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spring‐sown maize, marrow‐stem kale. and potatoes, followed by autumn‐sown Italian ryegrass”
e5“Soil organic matter was decreasing at the rapid annual rate of about 5 per cent when the soil was kept fallow but to a smaller extent when plants were grown”
Claim · model-written summary
Exchangeable cations decreased significantly.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spring‐sown maize, marrow‐stem kale. and potatoes, followed by autumn‐sown Italian ryegrass”
e6“Exchangeable cations decreased significantly and the use of urea was accompanied by a considerable drop in exchangeable calcium”
Claim · model-written summary
Use of urea was accompanied by a considerable drop in exchangeable calcium.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spring‐sown maize, marrow‐stem kale. and potatoes, followed by autumn‐sown Italian ryegrass”
e6“Exchangeable cations decreased significantly and the use of urea was accompanied by a considerable drop in exchangeable calcium”
Claim · model-written summary
Use of urea was accompanied by a considerable drop in base saturation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spring‐sown maize, marrow‐stem kale. and potatoes, followed by autumn‐sown Italian ryegrass”
e7“the use of urea was accompanied by a considerable drop in exchangeable calcium. base saturation. and pH”
Claim · model-written summary
Use of urea was accompanied by a considerable drop in pH.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spring‐sown maize, marrow‐stem kale. and potatoes, followed by autumn‐sown Italian ryegrass”
e7“the use of urea was accompanied by a considerable drop in exchangeable calcium. base saturation. and pH”
Claim · model-written summary
Discrepancies between nitrogen mineralised and nitrogen used by the crops suggest that losses of available nitrogen occurred.
- Outcome
- losses of available nitrogene7
- Qualifier
- Discrepancies between the amounts of nitrogen mineralised and used by the crops and ryegra~se7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spring‐sown maize, marrow‐stem kale. and potatoes, followed by autumn‐sown Italian ryegrass”
e7“Discrepancies between the amounts of nitrogen mineralised and used by the crops and ryegra~s suggest that losses of available nitrogen occurred”
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