Abstract
Plant height (PH) is associated with lodging resistance and planting density, which is regulated by a complicated gene network. In this study, we identified a spontaneous dwarfing mutation in maize, m30, with decreased internode number and length but increased internode diameter. A candidate gene, ZmCYP90D1, which encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 family, was isolated by map-based cloning. ZmCYP90D1 was constitutively expressed and showed highest expression in basal internodes, and its protein was targeted to the nucleus. A G-to-A substitution was identified to be the causal mutation, which resulted in a truncated protein in m30. Loss of function of ZmCYP90D1 changed expression of hormone-responsive genes, in particular brassinosteroid (BR)-responsive genes which is mainly involved in cell cycle regulation and cell wall extension and modification in plants. The concentration of typhasterol (TY), a downstream intermediate of ZmCYP90D1 in the BR pathway, was reduced. A haplotype conferring dwarfing without reducing yield was identified. ZmCYP90D1 was inferred to influence plant height and stalk diameter via hormone-mediated cell division and cell growth via the BR pathway.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The m30 maize mutant had fewer internodes.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a spontaneous dwarfing mutation in maize, m30, with decreased internode number and length but increased internode diameter”
Claim · model-written summary
The m30 maize mutant had shorter internodes.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a spontaneous dwarfing mutation in maize, m30, with decreased internode number and length but increased internode diameter”
Claim · model-written summary
The m30 maize mutant had wider internodes.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a spontaneous dwarfing mutation in maize, m30, with decreased internode number and length but increased internode diameter”
Claim · model-written summary
Map-based cloning identified ZmCYP90D1 as a candidate gene encoding a cytochrome P450 member.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A candidate gene, ZmCYP90D1, which encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 family, was isolated by map-based cloning”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmCYP90D1 was constitutively expressed, most strongly in basal internodes.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZmCYP90D1 was constitutively expressed and showed highest expression in basal internodes”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmCYP90D1 protein localized to the nucleus.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its protein was targeted to the nucleus”
t0“maize”
e1“ZmCYP90D1 was constitutively expressed”
Claim · model-written summary
A G-to-A substitution was identified as the causal m30 mutation and produced a truncated protein.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A G-to-A substitution was identified to be the causal mutation, which resulted in a truncated protein in m30”
t0“maize”
e1“ZmCYP90D1 was constitutively expressed”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of ZmCYP90D1 function altered hormone-responsive gene expression, especially brassinosteroid-responsive genes.
- Treatment
- Loss of function of ZmCYP90D1e0
- Gene
- ZmCYP90D1e0
- Outcome
- expression of hormone-responsive genes, in particular brassinosteroid (BR)-responsive genese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Loss of function of ZmCYP90D1 changed expression of hormone-responsive genes, in particular brassinosteroid (BR)-responsive genes”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Typhasterol concentration was reduced in the ZmCYP90D1 loss-of-function context.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentration of typhasterol (TY), a downstream intermediate of ZmCYP90D1 in the BR pathway, was reduced”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
A maize haplotype conferred dwarfing without lowering yield.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A haplotype conferring dwarfing without reducing yield was identified”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors inferred that ZmCYP90D1 influences height and stalk diameter through brassinosteroid-mediated division and growth.
- Gene
- ZmCYP90D1e0
- Outcome
- plant height and stalk diametere0
- Qualifier
- hormone-mediated cell division and cell growth via the BR pathwaye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZmCYP90D1 was inferred to influence plant height and stalk diameter via hormone-mediated cell division and cell growth via the BR pathway”
t0“maize”