Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out in sandy soil during two consecutive growing seasons; 2021/22 and 2022/23, at West Nubaryia region in Egypt. The experimental area, which is naturally infested with Meloidogyne javanica, were prepared to evaluate the influence of three deficit irrigation (DI) rates i.e. 40, 60 and 80% from irrigation water requirements (IWR), compared to full (100% from IWR) irrigation rate on reproduction parameters, final population (Pf) and reproduction factor (Rf) of M. javanica root-knot nematode and productivity of sugarbeet. Var. Merador as well as water use efficiency (WUE). The result showed that the DI rates of 40, 60 and 80% from IWR decreased (P≤0.05) significantly Pf and Rf values of M. javanica on sugarbeet plants compared to full (100% of IWR) irrigation rate. Increasing DI from 100 to 80, 60 and 40% of IWR significantly, (P≤0.05) decreased Pf number from 26036 to 18115, 9878 and 5371, respectively and Rf from 12.70 to 8.84, 4.82 and 2.62-fold, compared to initial population, respectively. The sugarbeet yield components, roots, gross sugar and white sugar yields , and quality index then were achieved the highest (P≤.0.05) significant values with an average of 21.85, 3.75 and 3.15 tons/fed and 84.64% , respectively under DI rate of 80% from IWR, while the lowest ones (11.21, 1.8 and 1.47 tons/fed and 78.59%, respectively) were recorded at DI rate of 40% from IWR, compared to full (100% of IWR) irrigation rate, The highest ( P≤0.05) significant values of WUE for gross sugar yield (1.91 kg/m3 water) and white sugar yield (1.61 kg/m3 water) as commercial yields for sugarbeet crop , also , were recorded at DI rate of 80% from IWR, however, the lowest ones (1.27 and 1.02 kg/m3 water , respectively)were achieved by full (100% of IWR) irrigation rate. The previous results revealed that the DI rate of 80% from IWR has significant benefits in four terms of saving irrigation water, reducing damage caused by nematode, increasing yield quantity and quality, and increasing WUE. Thus, it was concluded that the application of the DI rate of 80% of IWR may led to enhance the efficiency of IPM programs to control root-knot nematodes at drip irrigated sugarbeet fields in sandy soils under semi-arid conditions.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation at 40% of IWR reduced final Meloidogyne javanica population from 26036 to 5371.
- Taxon
- Sugarbeet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- 40% of IWRe0
- Outcome
- Pf numbere0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 5371e0
- Qualifier
- 26036e0
- Comparator
- 100e0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“Increasing DI from 100 to 80, 60 and 40% of IWR significantly, (P≤0.05) decreased Pf number from 26036 to 18115, 9878 and 5371, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation at 60% of IWR reduced final Meloidogyne javanica population from 26036 to 9878.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 60e0
- Outcome
- Pf numbere0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 9878e0
- Qualifier
- 26036e0
- Comparator
- 100e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“Increasing DI from 100 to 80, 60 and 40% of IWR significantly, (P≤0.05) decreased Pf number from 26036 to 18115, 9878 and 5371, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation at 80% of IWR reduced final Meloidogyne javanica population from 26036 to 18115.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 80e0
- Outcome
- Pf numbere0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 18115e0
- Qualifier
- 26036e0
- Comparator
- 100e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“Increasing DI from 100 to 80, 60 and 40% of IWR significantly, (P≤0.05) decreased Pf number from 26036 to 18115, 9878 and 5371, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The nematode reproduction factor was 8.84-fold at 80% IWR compared with 12.70 at full irrigation.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 80e1
- Outcome
- Rfe0
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 8.84e0
- Qualifier
- 12.70e0
- Comparator
- 100e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“Rf from 12.70 to 8.84, 4.82 and 2.62-fold, compared to initial population, respectively”
e1“Increasing DI from 100 to 80, 60 and 40% of IWR significantly, (P≤0.05) decreased Pf number”
Claim · model-written summary
The nematode reproduction factor was 4.82 at 60% IWR.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 60e1
- Outcome
- Rfe0
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 4.82e0
- Comparator
- 100e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“Rf from 12.70 to 8.84, 4.82 and 2.62-fold, compared to initial population, respectively”
e1“Increasing DI from 100 to 80, 60 and 40% of IWR significantly, (P≤0.05) decreased Pf number”
Claim · model-written summary
The nematode reproduction factor was 2.62-fold at 40% IWR.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 40% of IWRe1
- Outcome
- Rfe0
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 2.62-folde0
- Comparator
- 100e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“Rf from 12.70 to 8.84, 4.82 and 2.62-fold, compared to initial population, respectively”
e1“Increasing DI from 100 to 80, 60 and 40% of IWR significantly, (P≤0.05) decreased Pf number”
Claim · model-written summary
At 80% IWR, sugarbeet root yield reached the highest value of 21.85 tons/fed.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- DI rate of 80% from IWRe0
- Outcome
- rootse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 21.85e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“The sugarbeet yield components, roots, gross sugar and white sugar yields , and quality index then were achieved the highest (P≤.0.05) significant values with an average of 21.85, 3.75 and 3.15 tons/fed and 84.64% , respectively under DI rate of 80% from IWR”
Claim · model-written summary
At 80% IWR, gross sugar yield reached the highest value of 3.75 tons/fed.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- DI rate of 80% from IWRe0
- Outcome
- gross sugare0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.75e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“The sugarbeet yield components, roots, gross sugar and white sugar yields , and quality index then were achieved the highest (P≤.0.05) significant values with an average of 21.85, 3.75 and 3.15 tons/fed and 84.64% , respectively under DI rate of 80% from IWR”
Claim · model-written summary
At 80% IWR, white sugar yield reached the highest value of 3.15 tons/fed.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- DI rate of 80% from IWRe0
- Outcome
- white sugar yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.15 tons/fede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“The sugarbeet yield components, roots, gross sugar and white sugar yields , and quality index then were achieved the highest (P≤.0.05) significant values with an average of 21.85, 3.75 and 3.15 tons/fed and 84.64% , respectively under DI rate of 80% from IWR”
Claim · model-written summary
At 80% IWR, the sugarbeet quality index reached the highest value of 84.64%.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- DI rate of 80% from IWRe0
- Outcome
- quality indexe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 84.64%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“The sugarbeet yield components, roots, gross sugar and white sugar yields , and quality index then were achieved the highest (P≤.0.05) significant values with an average of 21.85, 3.75 and 3.15 tons/fed and 84.64% , respectively under DI rate of 80% from IWR”
Claim · model-written summary
At 40% IWR, root yield was lowest at 11.21 tons/fed.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- DI rate of 40% from IWRe0
- Outcome
- lowest onese0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 11.21e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“the lowest ones (11.21, 1.8 and 1.47 tons/fed and 78.59%, respectively) were recorded at DI rate of 40% from IWR”
Claim · model-written summary
At 40% IWR, gross sugar yield was lowest at 1.8 tons/fed.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- DI rate of 40% from IWRe0
- Outcome
- gross sugare1
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 1.8e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“the lowest ones (11.21, 1.8 and 1.47 tons/fed and 78.59%, respectively) were recorded at DI rate of 40% from IWR”
e1“roots, gross sugar and white sugar yields , and quality index”
Claim · model-written summary
At 40% IWR, white sugar yield was lowest at 1.47 tons/fed.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- DI rate of 40% from IWRe0
- Outcome
- white sugar yieldse1
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 1.47 tons/fede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“the lowest ones (11.21, 1.8 and 1.47 tons/fed and 78.59%, respectively) were recorded at DI rate of 40% from IWR”
e1“roots, gross sugar and white sugar yields , and quality index”
Claim · model-written summary
At 40% IWR, quality index was lowest at 78.59%.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- DI rate of 40% from IWRe0
- Outcome
- quality indexe1
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 78.59%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“the lowest ones (11.21, 1.8 and 1.47 tons/fed and 78.59%, respectively) were recorded at DI rate of 40% from IWR”
e1“roots, gross sugar and white sugar yields , and quality index”
Claim · model-written summary
At 80% IWR, gross sugar water use efficiency was highest at 1.91 kg/m3 water.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- DI rate of 80% from IWRe0
- Outcome
- WUE for gross sugar yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.91 kg/m3 watere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“The highest ( P≤0.05) significant values of WUE for gross sugar yield (1.91 kg/m3 water) and white sugar yield (1.61 kg/m3 water) as commercial yields for sugarbeet crop , also , were recorded at DI rate of 80% from IWR”
Claim · model-written summary
At 80% IWR, white sugar water use efficiency was highest at 1.61 kg/m3 water.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- DI rate of 80% from IWRe0
- Outcome
- white sugar yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.61 kg/m3 watere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“The highest ( P≤0.05) significant values of WUE for gross sugar yield (1.91 kg/m3 water) and white sugar yield (1.61 kg/m3 water) as commercial yields for sugarbeet crop , also , were recorded at DI rate of 80% from IWR”
Claim · model-written summary
At full irrigation, gross sugar water use efficiency was lowest at 1.27 kg/m3 water.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- full (100% of IWR) irrigation ratee0
- Outcome
- WUE for gross sugar yielde1
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 1.27e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“the lowest ones (1.27 and 1.02 kg/m3 water , respectively)were achieved by full (100% of IWR) irrigation rate”
e1“WUE for gross sugar yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At full irrigation, white sugar water use efficiency was lowest at 1.02 kg/m3 water.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- full (100% of IWR) irrigation ratee0
- Outcome
- white sugar yielde1
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 1.02 kg/m3 watere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“the lowest ones (1.27 and 1.02 kg/m3 water , respectively)were achieved by full (100% of IWR) irrigation rate”
e1“and white sugar yield (1.61 kg/m3 water)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 80% IWR to improve integrated nematode control in drip-irrigated sugarbeet fields.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- DI rate of 80% of IWRe0
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodes
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynee0pathogen - Outcome
- the application of the DI rate of 80% of IWRe0
- Setting
- drip irrigated sugarbeet fields in sandy soils under semi-arid conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“the application of the DI rate of 80% of IWR may led to enhance the efficiency of IPM programs to control root-knot nematodes at drip irrigated sugarbeet fields in sandy soils under semi-arid conditions.”
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