Abstract
Heavy weed infestation is one of the major constraints in dry-seeded rice. In North-West India, farmers use pendimethalin for pre-emergence control of grasses and small-seeded broad-leaf weeds, while bispyribac is used for post-emergence control of grasses. Continuous use of these herbicides has resulted in weed shift from annual grasses to broad-leaf weeds and sedges, and from annual weeds to perennial weeds particularly Cyperus rotundus. Field studies were carried out for successive three years (during 2016-18) in Kharif (rainy) season to evaluate pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron (pre-mix) at variable doses for pre-emergence control of grasses, sedges and broad-leaf weeds in dry-seeded rice. The uncontrolled growth of grasses, sedges and broad-leaf weeds in dry-seeded rice for whole crop season resulted in 68.7% reduction in crop yield. Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron 1150 g/ha effectively reduced weed density and biomass of Digitaria sanguinalis, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Echinochloa colona, Cyperus rotundus, C. iria, Phyllanthus niruri, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Mollugo nudicaulis and Digera arvensis with weed control efficiency of 85.3% up to 40 DAS. Though grain yield was maximum in weed free, pre-emergence use of pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron 1150 g/ ha resulted in the highest returns. Therefore, it was concluded that pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron 1150 g/ha as pre-emergence herbicide provided economical control of grasses, broad-leaf weeds and sedges in dry-seeded rice during early crop-weed competition period.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Uncontrolled weeds reduced rice yield by 68.7%.
- Taxon
- dry-seeded ricee0
- Treatment
- uncontrolled growth of grasses, sedges and broad-leaf weedse0
- Interactor
- grasses, sedges and broad-leaf weedse0weed
- Outcome
- crop yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 68.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The uncontrolled growth of grasses, sedges and broad-leaf weeds in dry-seeded rice for whole crop season resulted in 68.7% reduction in crop yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide mixture reduced density and biomass of the listed weeds.
- Taxon
- dry-seeded ricet0
- Treatment
- Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron 1150 g/hae0
- Interactor
- Digitaria sanguinalis
.jpg?width=60)
Digitaria sanguinalise0weed - Outcome
- weed density and biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- up to 40 DASe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron 1150 g/ha effectively reduced weed density and biomass of Digitaria sanguinalis, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Echinochloa colona, Cyperus rotundus, C. iria, Phyllanthus niruri, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Mollugo nudicaulis and Digera arvensis with weed control efficiency of 85.3% up to 40 DAS.”
t0“dry-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment achieved 85.3% weed control efficiency up to 40 DAS.
- Taxon
- dry-seeded ricet0
- Treatment
- Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron 1150 g/hae0
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Value
- 85.3%e0
- Qualifier
- up to 40 DASe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron 1150 g/ha effectively reduced weed density and biomass of Digitaria sanguinalis, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Echinochloa colona, Cyperus rotundus, C. iria, Phyllanthus niruri, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Mollugo nudicaulis and Digera arvensis with weed control efficiency of 85.3% up to 40 DAS.”
t0“dry-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free rice had maximum grain yield.
Verbatim
e0“Though grain yield was maximum in weed free, pre-emergence use of pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron 1150 g/ ha resulted in the highest returns.”
t0“dry-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide mixture produced the highest returns.
- Taxon
- dry-seeded ricet0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence use of pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron 1150 g/ hae0
- Outcome
- returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Though grain yield was maximum in weed free, pre-emergence use of pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron 1150 g/ ha resulted in the highest returns.”
t0“dry-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude the mixture provides economical early weed control in dry-seeded rice.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore, it was concluded that pendimethalin plus pyrazosulfuron 1150 g/ha as pre-emergence herbicide provided economical control of grasses, broad-leaf weeds and sedges in dry-seeded rice during early crop-weed competition period.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.