Abstract
Abstract In the current study, mycoremediated textile effluents were used for irrigation in a cultivation system to promote resource recycling and cost‐effective spinach production. The raw textile effluents from two different textile mills were decolorized by 93.2 and 94.5%, respectively, as well as mineralized by the immobilized novel fungus Geotrichum candidum . Subsequently, both the treated effluents, treated textile effluent 1 (TTE1) and treated textile effluent 2 (TTE2), were used to cultivate spinach. The results indicated that irrigation with TTE1 and TTE2 resulted in ~9% higher spinach yields compared with the control. Moreover, the water use efficiency with the TTE1 and TTE2 treatments was ~1.2 times better than that with the control. The need for fertilizers in the case of spinach cultivation with treated effluents was compensated by the textile effluents as a result of the breakdown and mineralization of the effluent by immobilized G. candidum . Notably, the energy content, dietary fiber and protein content of spinach irrigated with mycoremediated textile effluent were substantially elevated, with values of 34 kcal/100 g −1 , 3.4 g 100 g −1 and 6.92 g 100 g −1 , respectively. The preliminary cost analysis indicated that the costs of the whole process (from treatment to irrigation) were approximately US$0.35‐0.38 m −3 (INR 28.22–30.45 m −3 ) of textile effluent. The study concluded that the mycoremediated textile effluent could be efficiently applied for agronomic usages.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation with the treated textile effluents TTE1 and TTE2 gave about 9% higher spinach yields than the control.
- Taxon
- spinach
Spinacia oleraceae1 - Treatment
- irrigation with TTE1 and TTE2e1
- Outcome
- spinach yieldse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- ~9%e1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“irrigation with TTE1 and TTE2 resulted in ~9% higher spinach yields compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use efficiency of spinach with the TTE1 and TTE2 treatments was about 1.2 times better than with the control.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- TTE1 and TTE2 treatmentse1
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye1
- Direction
- bettere1
- Value
- ~1.2 timese1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were used to cultivate spinach”
e1“the water use efficiency with the TTE1 and TTE2 treatments was ~1.2 times better than that with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
The raw textile effluent from the first textile mill was decolorized by 93.2% by the immobilized fungus Geotrichum candidum.
- Taxon
- Geotrichum candidum
.jpg?width=60)
Geotrichum candidume1 - Outcome
- decolorizede1
- Value
- 93.2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“The raw textile effluents from two different textile mills were decolorized by 93.2 and 94.5%, respectively, as well as mineralized by the immobilized novel fungus Geotrichum candidum”
Claim · model-written summary
The raw textile effluent from the second textile mill was decolorized by 94.5% by the immobilized fungus Geotrichum candidum.
- Taxon
- Geotrichum candidumGeotrichum candidume1
- Outcome
- decolorizede1
- Value
- 94.5%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The raw textile effluents from two different textile mills were decolorized by 93.2 and 94.5%, respectively, as well as mineralized by the immobilized novel fungus Geotrichum candidum”
Claim · model-written summary
Energy content of spinach irrigated with mycoremediated textile effluent was substantially elevated, at 34 kcal/100 g.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae1
- Treatment
- irrigated with mycoremediated textile effluente1
- Outcome
- energy contente1
- Direction
- elevatede1
- Value
- 34 kcal/100 g −1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were used to cultivate spinach”
e1“the energy content, dietary fiber and protein content of spinach irrigated with mycoremediated textile effluent were substantially elevated, with values of 34 kcal/100 g −1 , 3.4 g 100 g −1 and 6.92 g 100 g −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Dietary fiber content of spinach irrigated with mycoremediated textile effluent was substantially elevated, at 3.4 g per 100 g.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae1
- Treatment
- irrigated with mycoremediated textile effluente1
- Outcome
- dietary fibere1
- Direction
- elevatede1
- Value
- 3.4 g 100 g −1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the energy content, dietary fiber and protein content of spinach irrigated with mycoremediated textile effluent were substantially elevated, with values of 34 kcal/100 g −1 , 3.4 g 100 g −1 and 6.92 g 100 g −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein content of spinach irrigated with mycoremediated textile effluent was substantially elevated, at 6.92 g per 100 g.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae1
- Treatment
- irrigated with mycoremediated textile effluente1
- Outcome
- protein contente1
- Direction
- elevatede1
- Value
- 6.92 g 100 g −1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the energy content, dietary fiber and protein content of spinach irrigated with mycoremediated textile effluent were substantially elevated, with values of 34 kcal/100 g −1 , 3.4 g 100 g −1 and 6.92 g 100 g −1”
Claim · model-written summary
The fertilizer need of spinach grown with treated effluents was compensated by the textile effluents, attributed to breakdown and mineralization of the effluent by immobilized G. candidum.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae1
- Treatment
- treated effluentse1
- Outcome
- need for fertilizerse1
- Qualifier
- breakdown and mineralization of the effluent by immobilized G. candidume1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The need for fertilizers in the case of spinach cultivation with treated effluents was compensated by the textile effluents as a result of the breakdown and mineralization of the effluent by immobilized G. candidum”
Claim · model-written summary
The preliminary cost analysis put the cost of the whole process from treatment to irrigation at about US$0.35-0.38 per cubic metre of textile effluent.
Verbatim
e1“the costs of the whole process (from treatment to irrigation) were approximately US$0.35‐0.38 m −3 (INR 28.22–30.45 m −3 ) of textile effluent”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that the mycoremediated textile effluent could be efficiently applied for agronomic usages.
- Outcome
- efficiently applied for agronomic usagese1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“the mycoremediated textile effluent could be efficiently applied for agronomic usages”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · molecular: metabolites · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
irrigation · yield · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →irrigation · quality: protein · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.