Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) contamination poses a serious threat to safe crop production and human health, and different maize inbred lines respond differently to cadmium (Cd) stress. However, the morphological and physiological characteristics of maize inbred lines seedlings are not clear under Cd stress. In this study, we analyzed the agronomic traits and physiological and biochemical indices of inbred maize seedlings under Cd stress in the seedling stage using the inbred lines Kui3, CML118, Mo17, B73, and B77 as the materials. These five inbred maizes were treated with five different concentrations of Cd (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 mg L−1, respectively) were applied and the indices of the maize seedlings determined on day 15. The aboveground and belowground biomass of five maize inbred lines seedlings showed a decreasing trend under Cd stress. Leaf relative water content and SPAD values also decreased, but the overall decrease in relative water content was small, and the differences were not significant. Surprisingly, Cd stress affected the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), leading to enhanced mem-brane lipid peroxidation. The cadmium content varied greatly between varieties under Cd stress, but all of them had lower Cd content above ground than below ground, and the varieties with the highest and lowest transfer coefficients were Mo17 (0.33–0.83) and B73 (0.06–0.44), respectively. Kui3 had the greatest difference in soluble protein content under Cd stress, which showed a de-creasing trend, and the soluble sugar content was significantly decreased in general compared to that of CK. The soluble sugar content was higher than CK under Cd treatment, and the proline content of the maize seedlings of all of the inbred lines showed an increasing trend compared to CK. Overall, there were significant genotypic differences in the Cd stress response to Cd toxicity in the maize inbred lines seedlings, and, in general, this study helps us to understand the mechanism of maize inbred lines seedlings response to Cd stress. It provides a theoretical basis for the se-lection and breeding of varieties, and food safety.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium stress decreased aboveground and belowground biomass.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The aboveground and belowground biomass of five maize inbred lines seedlings showed a decreasing trend under Cd stress.”
t0“Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf relative water content decreased slightly without significant differences.
- Treatment
- Cd Stresst0
- Outcome
- Leaf relative water contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- overall decrease in relative water content was smalle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf relative water content and SPAD values also decreased, but the overall decrease in relative water content was small, and the differences were not significant.”
t0“Cd Stress on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
SPAD values decreased under cadmium stress.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf relative water content and SPAD values also decreased”
t0“Cd Stress on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium stress affected antioxidant enzymes and enhanced lipid peroxidation.
- Treatment
- Cd stresse0
- Gene
- superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT)e0
- Outcome
- mem-brane lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd stress affected the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), leading to enhanced mem-brane lipid peroxidation.”
t0“Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium content varied greatly among varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cadmium content varied greatly between varieties under Cd stress”
t0“Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Aboveground Cd content was lower than belowground content.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all of them had lower Cd content above ground than below ground”
t0“Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Mo17 had the highest transfer coefficient, 0.33–0.83.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the varieties with the highest and lowest transfer coefficients were Mo17 (0.33–0.83) and B73 (0.06–0.44), respectively.”
t0“Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
B73 had the lowest transfer coefficient, 0.06–0.44.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the varieties with the highest and lowest transfer coefficients were Mo17 (0.33–0.83) and B73 (0.06–0.44), respectively.”
t0“Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Kui3 soluble protein content decreased under cadmium stress.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kui3 had the greatest difference in soluble protein content under Cd stress, which showed a de-creasing trend”
t0“Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble sugar was reported to decrease significantly against CK.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soluble sugar content was significantly decreased in general compared to that of CK.”
t0“Cd Stress on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble sugar was also reported as higher than CK under cadmium.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The soluble sugar content was higher than CK under Cd treatment”
t0“Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline content increased in all inbred lines relative to CK.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the proline content of the maize seedlings of all of the inbred lines showed an increasing trend compared to CK.”
t0“Cd Stress on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Maize Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize inbred lines showed significant genotypic differences in Cd response.
- Outcome
- genotypic differences in the Cd stress responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were significant genotypic differences in the Cd stress response to Cd toxicity in the maize inbred lines seedlings”
t0“Maize Seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · physiology: osmolytes · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
cadmium atom · physiology: oxidative · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
29 papers more in this group
See all 33 papers →cadmium atom · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
84 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
92 papers more in this group
See all 96 papers →cadmium atom · physiology: pigments · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
25 papers more in this group
See all 29 papers →cadmium atom · physiology: water · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →heavy metal · physiology: pigments · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
17 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
14 papers more in this group
See all 18 papers →heavy metal · physiology: osmolytes · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →heavy metal · physiology: water · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.