Abstract
Purpose: scientific substantiation of the use of agro-reclamation tillage practices of light chestnut heavy loamy soils in rice cultivation with periodic irrigation by sprinkling. Materials and methods. The research was conducted at the experimental site of the All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture in 2022–2023 with Stalingrad 1 rice crops in a two-factor experiment: factor A (soil water regime) – two options and factor B (tillage) – three options. Generally accepted methods of laying and conducting field research were used. Results. Immediately after rice sowing, the soil density in the layer of 0.0–0.6 m, varied in the range of 1.19–1.41 t/cubic m depending on the tillage practice. The minimum value of soil density in the layer of 0.0–0.6 m was formed in the A2B3 variant and amounted to 1.23 t/cubic m. The maximum soil compaction in this layer of 1.34 t/cubic m was observed in variant A1B1. During the period of full ripeness of the grain, soil compaction occurred in all tillage options. Its minimum compaction (1.34 t/cubic m), compared with the control (winter plowing), was noted with a combination of winter plowing and spring deep loosening. The minimum values of the water consumption coefficient and irrigation water loss were obtained in the A2B3 variant, and their numerical values were 851.7 and 703.6 cubic m/t, respectively. Conclusions. It was found that winter plowing to a depth of 0.25–0.27 m in combination with spring deep loosening to a depth of 0.40 m, in comparison with traditional winter plowing in one step, provides a decrease in soil density in a layer of 0.0–0.4 m by 0.10 (after sowing) and 0.12 t/cubic m (during the period of full ripeness of grain), which contributes to the yield increase to 6.95 t/ha and a reduction in irrigation water loss by 112.4 cubic m for the formation of 1 ton of grain.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Post-sowing soil density ranged from 1.19 to 1.41 t/cubic m.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Outcome
- soil densitye0
- Value
- 1.19–1.41 t/cubic me0
- Qualifier
- Immediately after rice sowinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Immediately after rice sowing, the soil density in the layer of 0.0–0.6 m, varied in the range of 1.19–1.41 t/cubic m depending on the tillage practice.”
Claim · model-written summary
A2B3 had the minimum reported soil density of 1.23 t/cubic m.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- A2B3 variante0
- Outcome
- soil densitye0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 1.23 t/cubic me0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cultivation”
e0“The minimum value of soil density in the layer of 0.0–0.6 m was formed in the A2B3 variant and amounted to 1.23 t/cubic m.”
Claim · model-written summary
A1B1 had maximum soil compaction of 1.34 t/cubic m.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- A1B1e0
- Outcome
- soil compactione0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 1.34 t/cubic me0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cultivation”
e0“The maximum soil compaction in this layer of 1.34 t/cubic m was observed in variant A1B1.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil compacted in every tillage option by grain maturity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- soil compaction occurrede0
- Qualifier
- all tillage optionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cultivation”
e0“During the period of full ripeness of the grain, soil compaction occurred in all tillage options.”
Claim · model-written summary
Winter plowing plus spring deep loosening had minimum maturity-stage compaction of 1.34 t/cubic m.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- combination of winter plowing and spring deep looseninge0
- Outcome
- compactione0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 1.34 t/cubic me0
- Comparator
- winter plowinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cultivation”
e0“Its minimum compaction (1.34 t/cubic m), compared with the control (winter plowing), was noted with a combination of winter plowing and spring deep loosening.”
Claim · model-written summary
A2B3 gave the minimum water consumption coefficient, 851.7 cubic m/t.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- A2B3 variante0
- Outcome
- water consumption coefficiente0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 851.7e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cultivation”
e0“The minimum values of the water consumption coefficient and irrigation water loss were obtained in the A2B3 variant, and their numerical values were 851.7 and 703.6 cubic m/t, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
A2B3 gave minimum irrigation water loss, 703.6 cubic m/t.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- A2B3 variante0
- Outcome
- irrigation water losse0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 703.6 cubic m/te0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cultivation”
e0“The minimum values of the water consumption coefficient and irrigation water loss were obtained in the A2B3 variant, and their numerical values were 851.7 and 703.6 cubic m/t, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined winter plowing and spring deep loosening lowered post-sowing soil density by 0.10.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- winter plowing to a depth of 0.25–0.27 m in combination with spring deep loosening to a depth of 0.40 me0
- Outcome
- soil densitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 0.10e0
- Qualifier
- after sowinge0
- Comparator
- traditional winter plowing in one stepe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cultivation”
e0“winter plowing to a depth of 0.25–0.27 m in combination with spring deep loosening to a depth of 0.40 m, in comparison with traditional winter plowing in one step, provides a decrease in soil density in a layer of 0.0–0.4 m by 0.10 (after sowing) and 0.12 t/cubic m (during the period of full ripeness of grain)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined tillage lowered maturity-stage soil density by 0.12 t/cubic m.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- winter plowing to a depth of 0.25–0.27 m in combination with spring deep loosening to a depth of 0.40 me0
- Outcome
- soil densitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 0.12 t/cubic me0
- Qualifier
- during the period of full ripeness of graine0
- Comparator
- traditional winter plowing in one stepe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cultivation”
e0“winter plowing to a depth of 0.25–0.27 m in combination with spring deep loosening to a depth of 0.40 m, in comparison with traditional winter plowing in one step, provides a decrease in soil density in a layer of 0.0–0.4 m by 0.10 (after sowing) and 0.12 t/cubic m (during the period of full ripeness of grain)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined tillage increased grain yield to 6.95 t/ha.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- winter plowing to a depth of 0.25–0.27 m in combination with spring deep loosening to a depth of 0.40 me0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 6.95 t/hae0
- Comparator
- traditional winter plowing in one stepe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cultivation”
e0“winter plowing to a depth of 0.25–0.27 m in combination with spring deep loosening to a depth of 0.40 m, in comparison with traditional winter plowing in one step, provides a decrease in soil density in a layer of 0.0–0.4 m by 0.10 (after sowing) and 0.12 t/cubic m (during the period of full ripeness of grain), which contributes to the yield increase to 6.95 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined tillage reduced irrigation water loss by 112.4 cubic m per ton of grain.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- winter plowing to a depth of 0.25–0.27 m in combination with spring deep loosening to a depth of 0.40 me0
- Outcome
- irrigation water losse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 112.4 cubic me0
- Qualifier
- for the formation of 1 ton of graine0
- Comparator
- traditional winter plowing in one stepe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cultivation”
e0“winter plowing to a depth of 0.25–0.27 m in combination with spring deep loosening to a depth of 0.40 m, in comparison with traditional winter plowing in one step, provides a decrease in soil density in a layer of 0.0–0.4 m by 0.10 (after sowing) and 0.12 t/cubic m (during the period of full ripeness of grain), which contributes to the yield increase to 6.95 t/ha and a reduction in irrigation water loss by 112.4 cubic m for the formation of 1 ton of grain.”
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