Abstract
Heat stress is a major threat to global crop production, and understanding its impact on plant fertility is crucial for developing climate-resilient crops. Despite the known negative effects of heat stress on plant reproduction, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the impact of elevated temperature on centromere structure and chromosome segregation during meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana . Consistent with previous studies, heat stress leads to a decline in fertility and micronuclei formation in pollen mother cells. Our results reveal that elevated temperature causes a decrease in the amount of centromeric histone and the kinetochore protein BMF1 at meiotic centromeres with increasing temperature. Furthermore, we show that heat stress increases the duration of meiotic divisions and prolongs the activity of the spindle assembly checkpoint during meiosis I, indicating an impaired efficiency of the kinetochore attachments to spindle microtubules. Our analysis of mutants with reduced levels of centromeric histone suggests that weakened centromeres sensitize plants to elevated temperature, resulting in meiotic defects and reduced fertility even at moderate temperatures. These results indicate that the structure and functionality of meiotic centromeres in Arabidopsis are highly sensitive to heat stress, and suggest that centromeres and kinetochores may represent a critical bottleneck in plant adaptation to increasing temperatures.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress reduced fertility in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- fertilitye0
- Direction
- declinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we investigated the impact of elevated temperature on centromere structure and chromosome segregation during meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana . Consistent with previous studies, heat stress leads to a decline in fertility and micronuclei formation in pollen mother cells.”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress caused micronuclei formation in Arabidopsis pollen mother cells.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Organ / stage
- pollen mother cellse0
- Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- micronuclei formatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we investigated the impact of elevated temperature on centromere structure and chromosome segregation during meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana . Consistent with previous studies, heat stress leads to a decline in fertility and micronuclei formation in pollen mother cells.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing temperature decreased centromeric histone at Arabidopsis meiotic centromeres.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Organ / stage
- meiotic centromerese1
- Treatment
- elevated temperaturee1
- Gene
- centromeric histonee1
- Outcome
- amount of centromeric histonee1
- Direction
- decreasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we investigated the impact of elevated temperature on centromere structure and chromosome segregation during meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana .”
e1“elevated temperature causes a decrease in the amount of centromeric histone and the kinetochore protein BMF1 at meiotic centromeres with increasing temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing temperature decreased BMF1 at Arabidopsis meiotic centromeres.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- elevated temperaturee1
- Gene
- BMF1e1
- Outcome
- kinetochore protein BMF1e1
- Direction
- decreasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“elevated temperature causes a decrease in the amount of centromeric histone and the kinetochore protein BMF1 at meiotic centromeres with increasing temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress increased the duration of meiotic divisions in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- heat stresse1
- Outcome
- duration of meiotic divisionse1
- Direction
- increasese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“heat stress increases the duration of meiotic divisions and prolongs the activity of the spindle assembly checkpoint during meiosis I”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress prolonged spindle assembly checkpoint activity during Arabidopsis meiosis I.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Organ / stage
- meiosis Ie1
- Treatment
- heat stresse1
- Outcome
- activity of the spindle assembly checkpointe1
- Direction
- prolongse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“heat stress increases the duration of meiotic divisions and prolongs the activity of the spindle assembly checkpoint during meiosis I”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced centromeric histone sensitized Arabidopsis mutants to elevated temperature, producing meiotic defects and reduced fertility at moderate temperatures.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- elevated temperaturee1
- Gene
- centromeric histonee1
- Outcome
- meiotic defects and reduced fertilitye1
- Qualifier
- even at moderate temperaturese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“mutants with reduced levels of centromeric histone suggests that weakened centromeres sensitize plants to elevated temperature, resulting in meiotic defects and reduced fertility even at moderate temperatures”
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