Abstract
Reduced reliance on synthetic chemical fertilizers necessarily requires using renewable biomaterial-derived soil organic amendments (SOAs) in agriculture for sustained retention of nutrients through improvement in the soil organic matter (SOM). SOM replenishment through SOAs derived from wasted materials could help in its valorization by furthering the sustainability prospects of agronomic crop production systems. In the current study, compost (CP) and biochar (BC) were derived as SOAs from combustible and compostable fractions of municipal solid waste (MSW) for their potential valorization by adding SOAs as potential sustainable sources of nutrients as a replacement of chemical fertilizers (CF) for sunflower crops cultivated in potted soils. The experimental design included quadruplicated soil application of MSW-derived BC and CP in discrete and combined forms, each in three doses (% w:w), viz., low (L), medium (M), and high (H), i.e., BC-L, BC-M, BC-H; CP-L, CP-M, CP-H; and BC + CP-L, BC + CP-M, BC-CP-H. The results showed that, compared to the control (soil only), the sunflower growth and harvestable yield were significantly greater in BC + CF with a medium dose and were comparable to the growth and yield obtained in soils with CF. Sunflower growth in the discrete SOAs remained less than in the combined SOAs (BC + CP) and was attributed to the comprehensive soil health improvement rendered by the applied SOAs. The soil health improvement factors included SOM, CEC, and concentrations of total and available NPK. The dose-effect comparison of the SOAs showed highly variable trends, i.e., the sunflower growth did not correspond with the increase in dose of the SOAs. It is concluded that the combined application of BC + CP derived from MSW components at a medium dose could act as a potential alternative to CF. The developed approach resulted in MSW valorization, which improved soil health and yielded a better sunflower crop.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-dose BC plus CF significantly increased sunflower growth against soil-only control.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- BC + CF with a medium dosee0
- Outcome
- sunflower growthe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- control (soil only)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared to the control (soil only), the sunflower growth and harvestable yield were significantly greater in BC + CF with a medium dose”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-dose BC plus CF significantly increased harvestable yield against soil-only control.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- BC + CF with a medium dosee0
- Outcome
- harvestable yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- control (soil only)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared to the control (soil only), the sunflower growth and harvestable yield were significantly greater in BC + CF with a medium dose”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth and yield under medium-dose BC plus CF were comparable to CF treatment.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- BC + CF with a medium dosee1
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- soils with CFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were comparable to the growth and yield obtained in soils with CF”
e1“sunflower growth and harvestable yield were significantly greater in BC + CF with a medium dose”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower growth with discrete amendments was lower than with combined BC plus CP.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- discrete SOAse0
- Outcome
- Sunflower growthe0
- Direction
- less thane0
- Comparator
- combined SOAs (BC + CP)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower growth in the discrete SOAs remained less than in the combined SOAs (BC + CP)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors attribute the growth contrast to comprehensive soil health improvement.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- applied SOAse0
- Outcome
- Sunflower growthe1
- Qualifier
- comprehensive soil health improvemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was attributed to the comprehensive soil health improvement rendered by the applied SOAs”
e1“Sunflower growth in the discrete SOAs”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied amendments improved soil organic matter, CEC and total and available NPK.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- SOM, CEC, and concentrations of total and available NPKe0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The soil health improvement factors included SOM, CEC, and concentrations of total and available NPK”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower growth did not track increasing amendment dose.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- SOAse0
- Outcome
- sunflower growthe0
- Direction
- did not corresponde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sunflower growth did not correspond with the increase in dose of the SOAs”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend medium-dose combined BC plus CP as a possible alternative to chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- combined application of BC + CP derived from MSW components at a medium dosee0
- Outcome
- potential alternative to CFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combined application of BC + CP derived from MSW components at a medium dose could act as a potential alternative to CF”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors report the developed approach valorized waste and improved soil health and sunflower crop performance.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Outcome
- better sunflower crope0
- Direction
- bettere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The developed approach resulted in MSW valorization, which improved soil health and yielded a better sunflower crop”
The same questions in other papers
in vitro · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →biochar · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →organic · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →in vitro · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
32 papers more in this group
See all 36 papers →fertilization · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
133 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
142 papers more in this group
See all 146 papers →fertilization · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
343 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
361 papers more in this group
See all 365 papers →biochar · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
15 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.