Abstract
In recent years, microbial inoculants have showed a great potential to replace chemical fertilizers as a new generation of soil amendment agents, however, the understanding of their effects on nutrient cycling within plants and rhizosphere microbial diversity are still limited. In this study, the rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria MQB12 was used to inoculate Vigna radiata to evaluate the effects of external inoculants on plant transcriptomics and rhizosphere soil microbial diversity. Enrichment analysis using GO and KEGG revealed significant enrichment in DNA-binding transcription factor activity, transcriptional regulatory factor activity, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis among the differentially expressed genes. MQB12 inoculation positively responded to phosphorus starvation response, increased the expression of phosphorus starvation response genes (PHT/PAP), enhanced the synthesis of ethylene and salicylic acid to cope with external stress, and improved the expression of plant disease resistance genes to strengthen the disease resistance of plants to pathogens. At the same time, microbial diversity analysis further revealed the positive effect of MQB12 inoculum. MQB12 inoculum enriched beneficial flora, improved flora abundance, changed the structure and diversity of V. radiata rhizosphere microbial community, enhanced the interconnections between the flora, and positively promoted growth. MQB12 was found to adjust the microflora of the rhizosphere, which subsequently changed the environment for plant colonization. This change led to the enrichment of beneficial bacteria and removal of pathogenic bacteria, which positively affected the internal pathways of plants. Additionally, changes in gene expression levels of plants resulted in the formation of different phenotypes and various metabolites, further influencing the formation of rhizosphere microbial communities through close contact between roots and soil. This study provides new insights into the effects of microbial agents on plant growth and root environment construction and is conducive to the further development and application of microbial agents. Graphical Abstract
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
GO and KEGG enrichment in V. radiata DEGs was significant for DNA-binding transcription factor activity, transcriptional regulatory factor activity and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiata
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Vigna radiatae1 - Outcome
- DNA-binding transcription factor activity, transcriptional regulatory factor activity, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesise6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“the rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria MQB12 was used to inoculate Vigna radiata”
e6“Enrichment analysis using GO and KEGG revealed significant enrichment in DNA-binding transcription factor activity, transcriptional regulatory factor activity, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis among the differentially expressed genes”
Claim · model-written summary
MQB12 inoculation increased expression of phosphorus starvation response genes (PHT/PAP) in V. radiata.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- MQB12 inoculatione0
- Interactor
- MQB12e0symbiont
- Gene
- PHT/PAPe0
- Outcome
- phosphorus starvation response genes (PHT/PAP)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MQB12 inoculation positively responded to phosphorus starvation response, increased the expression of phosphorus starvation response genes (PHT/PAP), enhanced the synthesis of ethylene and salicylic acid to cope with external stress, and improved the expression of plant disease resistance genes to strengthen the disease resistance of plants to pathogens”
e1“the rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria MQB12 was used to inoculate Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
MQB12 inoculation positively responded to the phosphorus starvation response in V. radiata.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- MQB12 inoculatione0
- Interactor
- MQB12e0symbiont
- Outcome
- phosphorus starvation responsee0
- Direction
- positively respondede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MQB12 inoculation positively responded to phosphorus starvation response, increased the expression of phosphorus starvation response genes (PHT/PAP), enhanced the synthesis of ethylene and salicylic acid to cope with external stress, and improved the expression of plant disease resistance genes to strengthen the disease resistance of plants to pathogens”
e1“the rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria MQB12 was used to inoculate Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
MQB12 inoculation enhanced the synthesis of ethylene and salicylic acid in V. radiata.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- MQB12 inoculatione0
- Interactor
- MQB12e0symbiont
- Outcome
- synthesis of ethylene and salicylic acide0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MQB12 inoculation positively responded to phosphorus starvation response, increased the expression of phosphorus starvation response genes (PHT/PAP), enhanced the synthesis of ethylene and salicylic acid to cope with external stress, and improved the expression of plant disease resistance genes to strengthen the disease resistance of plants to pathogens”
e1“the rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria MQB12 was used to inoculate Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
MQB12 inoculation improved expression of plant disease resistance genes in V. radiata against pathogens.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- MQB12 inoculatione0
- Interactor
- pathogense0pathogen
- Second interactor
- MQB12e0symbiont
- Outcome
- expression of plant disease resistance genese0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MQB12 inoculation positively responded to phosphorus starvation response, increased the expression of phosphorus starvation response genes (PHT/PAP), enhanced the synthesis of ethylene and salicylic acid to cope with external stress, and improved the expression of plant disease resistance genes to strengthen the disease resistance of plants to pathogens”
e1“the rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria MQB12 was used to inoculate Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
MQB12 inoculum enriched beneficial flora in the V. radiata rhizosphere.
- Taxon
- V. radiataVigna radiatae2
- Treatment
- MQB12 inoculume2
- Interactor
- MQB12e2symbiont
- Outcome
- beneficial florae2
- Direction
- enrichede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“MQB12 inoculum enriched beneficial flora, improved flora abundance, changed the structure and diversity of V. radiata rhizosphere microbial community, enhanced the interconnections between the flora, and positively promoted growth”
Claim · model-written summary
MQB12 inoculum improved rhizosphere flora abundance in V. radiata.
- Taxon
- V. radiataVigna radiatae2
- Treatment
- MQB12 inoculume2
- Interactor
- MQB12e2symbiont
- Outcome
- flora abundancee2
- Direction
- improvede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“MQB12 inoculum enriched beneficial flora, improved flora abundance, changed the structure and diversity of V. radiata rhizosphere microbial community, enhanced the interconnections between the flora, and positively promoted growth”
Claim · model-written summary
MQB12 inoculum changed the structure and diversity of the V. radiata rhizosphere microbial community.
- Taxon
- V. radiataVigna radiatae2
- Treatment
- MQB12 inoculume2
- Interactor
- MQB12e2symbiont
- Outcome
- structure and diversity of V. radiata rhizosphere microbial communitye2
- Direction
- changede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“MQB12 inoculum enriched beneficial flora, improved flora abundance, changed the structure and diversity of V. radiata rhizosphere microbial community, enhanced the interconnections between the flora, and positively promoted growth”
Claim · model-written summary
MQB12 inoculum enhanced the interconnections between the flora in the V. radiata rhizosphere.
- Taxon
- V. radiataVigna radiatae2
- Treatment
- MQB12 inoculume2
- Interactor
- MQB12e2symbiont
- Outcome
- interconnections between the florae2
- Direction
- enhancede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“MQB12 inoculum enriched beneficial flora, improved flora abundance, changed the structure and diversity of V. radiata rhizosphere microbial community, enhanced the interconnections between the flora, and positively promoted growth”
Claim · model-written summary
MQB12 inoculum positively promoted growth of V. radiata.
- Taxon
- V. radiataVigna radiatae2
- Treatment
- MQB12 inoculume2
- Interactor
- MQB12e2symbiont
- Outcome
- growthe2
- Direction
- positively promotede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“MQB12 inoculum enriched beneficial flora, improved flora abundance, changed the structure and diversity of V. radiata rhizosphere microbial community, enhanced the interconnections between the flora, and positively promoted growth”
Claim · model-written summary
MQB12 treatment led to a decrease of pathogenic bacteria in the V. radiata rhizosphere.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- MQB12 inoculatione0
- Interactor
- pathogenic bacteriae3pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogenic bacteriae3
- Direction
- removale3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MQB12 inoculation positively responded to phosphorus starvation response, increased the expression of phosphorus starvation response genes (PHT/PAP), enhanced the synthesis of ethylene and salicylic acid to cope with external stress, and improved the expression of plant disease resistance genes to strengthen the disease resistance of plants to pathogens”
e1“the rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria MQB12 was used to inoculate Vigna radiata”
e3“This change led to the enrichment of beneficial bacteria and removal of pathogenic bacteria, which positively affected the internal pathways of plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Changes in plant gene expression levels resulted in different phenotypes and various metabolites in V. radiata.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Outcome
- formation of different phenotypes and various metabolitese4
- Qualifier
- changes in gene expression levels of plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria MQB12 was used to inoculate Vigna radiata”
e4“changes in gene expression levels of plants resulted in the formation of different phenotypes and various metabolites”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial diversity analysis showed a positive effect of MQB12 inoculum on the rhizosphere microbial community.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae1
- Treatment
- MQB12 inoculume5
- Interactor
- MQB12e5symbiont
- Outcome
- microbial diversitye5
- Direction
- positivee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria MQB12 was used to inoculate Vigna radiata”
e5“microbial diversity analysis further revealed the positive effect of MQB12 inoculum”
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