Abstract
Ultraviolet C (UV-C) light technology employs a particular wavelength within the ultraviolet spectrum to deactivate microorganisms, utilizing radiation as its method. UV-C light possesses germicidal properties, effectively disrupting the DNA of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and various pathogens, thereby impeding their ability to replicate and induce illness. Additionally, UV-C could enhance the production of phytochemicals and prevent contamination in agricultural applications. However, overexposure to UV-C can cause safety issues, especially for operators handling its utilization in germicidal or sterilization applications. This study investigated the destructive effects of UV-C light on the morphology and chlorophyll content of lettuces exposed to various durations, aiming to assess the risks associated with prolonged exposure. The results showed that prolonged UV-C exposure affects morphological and chlorophyll content changes. The most damaging effect on lettuce morphology and chlorophyll content was found in the 2 h of UV-C exposure treatment. In the 2 h of UV-C exposure treatment, lettuce length was reduced from 6.01 ± 0.80 cm on day 2 to 5.55 ± 0.78 cm on day 3. The lowest fresh weight of lettuce was also found at 2 h of UV-C exposure treatment (4.32 ± 0.94 gr). In addition, the lowest total lettuce stomata aperture was found in 2 h of UV-C treatment (41 units). Furthermore, on day 4, after 2 h of UV-C exposure treatments, the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content in lettuces were found to be 1.59 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FW, 0.93 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FW and 2.52 ± 0.04 mg g−1 FW, respectively. Therefore, the most destructive effect of UV-C was found during 2 h of UV-C exposure treatment. These findings indicate the dangers of long-term UV-C exposure to lettuce. Practically, this could also have a negative impact on humans. The knowledge gleaned from these findings is useful for safety issues in the industrial application of UV-C.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Two hours of UV-C exposure had the most damaging effect on lettuce morphology.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- 2 h of UV-C exposure treatmente0
- Outcome
- lettuce morphologye0
- Direction
- most damaginge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most damaging effect on lettuce morphology and chlorophyll content was found in the 2 h of UV-C exposure treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Two hours of UV-C exposure had the most damaging effect on lettuce chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- 2 h of UV-C exposure treatmente0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- most damaginge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most damaging effect on lettuce morphology and chlorophyll content was found in the 2 h of UV-C exposure treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Under two hours of UV-C exposure, lettuce length fell from 6.01 ± 0.80 cm on day 2 to 5.55 ± 0.78 cm on day 3.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- 2 h of UV-C exposure treatmente0
- Outcome
- lettuce lengthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 5.55 ± 0.78 cme0
- Qualifier
- 6.01 ± 0.80 cm on day 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the 2 h of UV-C exposure treatment, lettuce length was reduced from 6.01 ± 0.80 cm on day 2 to 5.55 ± 0.78 cm on day 3”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest lettuce fresh weight under UV-C exposure was 4.32 ± 0.94 gr after two hours.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- 2 h of UV-C exposure treatmente0
- Outcome
- fresh weight of lettucee0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 4.32 ± 0.94 gre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest fresh weight of lettuce was also found at 2 h of UV-C exposure treatment (4.32 ± 0.94 gr)”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest lettuce stomata aperture count was 41 units after two hours of UV-C treatment.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- 2 h of UV-C treatmente0
- Outcome
- total lettuce stomata aperturee0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 41 unitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest total lettuce stomata aperture was found in 2 h of UV-C treatment (41 units)”
Claim · model-written summary
After two hours of UV-C exposure, day four lettuce chlorophyll a content was 1.59 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FW.
- Taxon
- lettucesLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- 2 h of UV-C exposure treatmentse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ae0
- Value
- 1.59 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FWe0
- Qualifier
- day 4e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on day 4, after 2 h of UV-C exposure treatments, the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content in lettuces were found to be 1.59 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FW, 0.93 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FW and 2.52 ± 0.04 mg g−1 FW, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
After two hours of UV-C exposure, day four lettuce chlorophyll b content was 0.93 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FW.
- Taxon
- lettucesLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- 2 h of UV-C exposure treatmentse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll be0
- Value
- 0.93 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FWe0
- Qualifier
- day 4e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on day 4, after 2 h of UV-C exposure treatments, the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content in lettuces were found to be 1.59 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FW, 0.93 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FW and 2.52 ± 0.04 mg g−1 FW, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
After two hours of UV-C exposure, day four lettuce total chlorophyll content was 2.52 ± 0.04 mg g−1 FW.
- Taxon
- lettucesLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- 2 h of UV-C exposure treatmentse0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll contente0
- Value
- 2.52 ± 0.04 mg g−1 FWe0
- Qualifier
- day 4e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on day 4, after 2 h of UV-C exposure treatments, the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content in lettuces were found to be 1.59 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FW, 0.93 ± 0.02 mg g−1 FW and 2.52 ± 0.04 mg g−1 FW, respectively”
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