Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2023 at ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, to study the effect of different doses and method of application of nitrogen fertilizers on the growth , yield and profitability of wet direct seeded rice. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Seven treatments were included viz., T1: Neem Coated Urea (NCU) 75% basal + 12.5% NCU each at active tillering (AT) and Panicle Initiation (PI); T2: NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 manually at AT and PI; T3:NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI; T4: NCU 75% basal + 2 % NCU manual spray at AT and PI; T5: Silicon Coated Urea (SCU) 75% basal + 12.5% each at AT and PI; T6: Cedarwood oil Coated Urea (CCU) 75% basal + 12.5% each at AT and PI and T7: Control (N- P2O5- K2O: 0-60-40 kg ha-1). The results revealed that the application of NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI found to be more productive in terms of plant height (104.1 cm), number of tillers m-2 (411), number of productive tillers m-2 (376), dry matter production (11122 kg ha-1), leaf area (1247.4), panicle weight (5.2 g) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (159) resulting in higher grain yield (6467 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7067 kg ha-1). Economics of various treatments indicated that NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI stages resulted in maximum B:C ratio (1.75).
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Drone applied nano urea produced plant height of 104.1 cm in direct seeded rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PIe0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Value
- 104.1 cme0
Not reportedMaterialInteractorInteractor roleComparatorSettingDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the application of NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI found to be more productive in terms of plant height (104.1 cm), number of tillers m-2 (411), number of productive tillers m-2 (376), dry matter production (11122 kg ha-1), leaf area (1247.4), panicle weight (5.2 g) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (159) resulting in higher grain yield (6467 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7067 kg ha-1).”
t0“Effect of different doses and method of application of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of wet direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Drone applied nano urea produced number of tillers m-2 of 411 in direct seeded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PIe0
- Outcome
- number of tillers m-2e0
- Value
- 411e0
Not reportedMaterialInteractorInteractor roleComparatorSettingDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the application of NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI found to be more productive in terms of plant height (104.1 cm), number of tillers m-2 (411), number of productive tillers m-2 (376), dry matter production (11122 kg ha-1), leaf area (1247.4), panicle weight (5.2 g) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (159) resulting in higher grain yield (6467 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7067 kg ha-1).”
t0“Effect of different doses and method of application of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of wet direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Drone applied nano urea produced number of productive tillers m-2 of 376 in direct seeded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PIe0
- Outcome
- number of productive tillers m-2e0
- Value
- 376e0
Not reportedMaterialInteractorInteractor roleComparatorSettingDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the application of NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI found to be more productive in terms of plant height (104.1 cm), number of tillers m-2 (411), number of productive tillers m-2 (376), dry matter production (11122 kg ha-1), leaf area (1247.4), panicle weight (5.2 g) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (159) resulting in higher grain yield (6467 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7067 kg ha-1).”
t0“Effect of different doses and method of application of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of wet direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Drone applied nano urea produced dry matter production of 11122 kg ha-1 in direct seeded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PIe0
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Value
- 11122 kg ha-1e0
Not reportedMaterialInteractorInteractor roleComparatorSettingDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the application of NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI found to be more productive in terms of plant height (104.1 cm), number of tillers m-2 (411), number of productive tillers m-2 (376), dry matter production (11122 kg ha-1), leaf area (1247.4), panicle weight (5.2 g) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (159) resulting in higher grain yield (6467 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7067 kg ha-1).”
t0“Effect of different doses and method of application of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of wet direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Drone applied nano urea produced leaf area of 1247.4 in direct seeded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PIe0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Value
- 1247.4e0
Not reportedMaterialInteractorInteractor roleComparatorSettingDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the application of NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI found to be more productive in terms of plant height (104.1 cm), number of tillers m-2 (411), number of productive tillers m-2 (376), dry matter production (11122 kg ha-1), leaf area (1247.4), panicle weight (5.2 g) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (159) resulting in higher grain yield (6467 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7067 kg ha-1).”
t0“Effect of different doses and method of application of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of wet direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Drone applied nano urea produced panicle weight of 5.2 g in direct seeded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PIe0
- Outcome
- panicle weighte0
- Value
- 5.2 ge0
Not reportedMaterialInteractorInteractor roleComparatorSettingDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the application of NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI found to be more productive in terms of plant height (104.1 cm), number of tillers m-2 (411), number of productive tillers m-2 (376), dry matter production (11122 kg ha-1), leaf area (1247.4), panicle weight (5.2 g) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (159) resulting in higher grain yield (6467 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7067 kg ha-1).”
t0“Effect of different doses and method of application of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of wet direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Drone applied nano urea produced number of filled grains panicle-1 of 159 in direct seeded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PIe0
- Outcome
- number of filled grains panicle-1e0
- Value
- 159e0
Not reportedMaterialInteractorInteractor roleComparatorSettingDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the application of NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI found to be more productive in terms of plant height (104.1 cm), number of tillers m-2 (411), number of productive tillers m-2 (376), dry matter production (11122 kg ha-1), leaf area (1247.4), panicle weight (5.2 g) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (159) resulting in higher grain yield (6467 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7067 kg ha-1).”
t0“Effect of different doses and method of application of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of wet direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Drone applied nano urea produced grain yield of 6467 kg ha-1 in direct seeded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PIe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Value
- 6467 kg ha-1e0
Not reportedMaterialInteractorInteractor roleComparatorSettingDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the application of NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI found to be more productive in terms of plant height (104.1 cm), number of tillers m-2 (411), number of productive tillers m-2 (376), dry matter production (11122 kg ha-1), leaf area (1247.4), panicle weight (5.2 g) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (159) resulting in higher grain yield (6467 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7067 kg ha-1).”
t0“Effect of different doses and method of application of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of wet direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Drone applied nano urea produced straw yield of 7067 kg ha-1 in direct seeded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PIe0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Value
- 7067 kg ha-1e0
Not reportedMaterialInteractorInteractor roleComparatorSettingDirectionQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that the application of NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI found to be more productive in terms of plant height (104.1 cm), number of tillers m-2 (411), number of productive tillers m-2 (376), dry matter production (11122 kg ha-1), leaf area (1247.4), panicle weight (5.2 g) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (159) resulting in higher grain yield (6467 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7067 kg ha-1).”
t0“Effect of different doses and method of application of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of wet direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Drone applied nano urea gave the maximum benefit cost ratio of 1.75.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PIe0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 1.75e0
Not reportedMaterialInteractorInteractor roleComparatorSettingQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Economics of various treatments indicated that NCU 75% basal + foliar spray of nano urea @ 4 ml l-1 by drone at AT and PI stages resulted in maximum B:C ratio (1.75).”
t0“Effect of different doses and method of application of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of wet direct seeded rice”
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See all 691 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.