Abstract
Plant growth regulators are cost-effective and efficient methods for enhancing plant defenses under stress conditions. This study investigates the ability of two plant growth-regulating substances, thiourea (TU) and arginine (Arg), to mitigate salinity stress in wheat. The results show that both TU and Arg, particularly when used together, modify plant growth under salinity stress. Their application significantly increases the activities of antioxidant enzymes while decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and relative electrolyte leakage (REL) in wheat seedlings. Additionally, these treatments significantly reduce the concentrations of Na + and Ca 2+ and the Na + /K + ratio, while significantly increasing K + levels, thereby preserving ionic osmotic balance. Importantly, TU and Arg markedly enhance the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and gas exchange rate in wheat seedlings under salinity stress. The use of TU and Arg, either individually or in combination, results in a 9.03–47.45% increase in dry matter accumulation, with the maximum increase observed when both are used together. Overall, this study highlights that maintaining redox homeostasis and ionic balance are crucial for enhancing plant tolerance to salinity stress. Furthermore, TU and Arg are recommended as potential plant growth regulators to boost wheat productivity under such conditions, especially when applied together.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
TU and Arg, particularly together, modified wheat growth under salinity.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- TU and Arge0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both TU and Arg, particularly when used together, modify plant growth under salinity stress”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TU and Arg significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Their applicatione0
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Their application significantly increases the activities of antioxidant enzymes”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TU and Arg decreased ROS, MDA, and electrolyte leakage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Thiourea and argininet0
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and relative electrolyte leakage (REL)e0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and relative electrolyte leakage (REL)”
t0“Thiourea and arginine synergistically preserve redox homeostasis and ionic balance for alleviating salinity stress in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TU and Arg reduced Na+, Ca2+, and Na+/K+ ratio.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- these treatmentse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of Na + and Ca 2+ and the Na + /K + ratioe0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these treatments significantly reduce the concentrations of Na + and Ca 2+ and the Na + /K + ratio”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TU and Arg significantly increased K+ levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- thiourea and argininet0
- Outcome
- K + levelse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly increasing K + levels”
t0“thiourea and arginine synergistically preserve redox homeostasis and ionic balance for alleviating salinity stress in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TU and Arg enhanced chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, and gas exchange under salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- TU and Arge0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and gas exchange ratee0
- Direction
- enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TU and Arg markedly enhance the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and gas exchange rate in wheat seedlings under salinity stress”
Claim · model-written summary
TU and Arg individually or combined increased wheat dry matter by 9.03–47.45%, greatest together.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- TU and Arg, either individually or in combinatione0
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 9.03–47.45%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TU and Arg, either individually or in combination, results in a 9.03–47.45% increase in dry matter accumulation, with the maximum increase observed when both are used together”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend TU and Arg as growth regulators for wheat under salinity, especially combined.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- TU and Arge0
- Outcome
- boost wheat productivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TU and Arg are recommended as potential plant growth regulators to boost wheat productivity under such conditions, especially when applied together”
The same questions in other papers
thiourea · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
15 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →arginine · physiology: oxidative · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
thiourea · physiology: photosynthesis · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
thiourea · physiology: oxidative · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.