Abstract
The phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) regulates plant responses to various types of environmental stress, particularly pathogen infections. We previously revealed that the benzyl alcohol O-benzoyltransferase HSR201 was required for pathogen signal-induced SA synthesis, and its overexpression together with NtCNL, encoding a cinnamate-coenzyme A ligase, was sufficient for the production of significant amounts of SA in tobacco. We herein examined the subcellular localization of HSR201 and found that it fused to a yellow fluorescent protein localized in peroxisomes. Most peroxisomal matrix proteins possess peroxisomal targeting signal type-1 (PTS1) located at the extreme C-terminus or PTS2 located at the N-terminus; however, a bioinformatics analysis failed to identify similar signals for HSR201. Deletion and mutation analyses of HSR201 identified one essential (extreme C-terminal Leu460) and three important (Ile455, Ile456 and Ala459) amino acid residues for its peroxisomal localization. The virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of PEX5, a PTS1 receptor, but not PEX7, a PTS2 receptor, compromised the peroxisomal targeting of HSR201 in Nicotiana benthamiana. When overexpressed with NtCNL, HSR201 mutants with reduced or non-peroxisomal targeting induced lower SA levels than the wild type; however, these mutations did not affect the protein stability or activity of HSR201. VIGS of the HSR201 homolog compromised pathogen signal-induced SA accumulation in N. benthamiana, which was complemented by the HSR201 wild type, but not the mutant with non-peroxisomal targeting. These results suggest that the peroxisomal localization of HSR201 is mediated by a non-canonical PTS1 and required for SA biosynthesis.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
HSR201 fused to a yellow fluorescent protein localized in peroxisomes in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae2 - Gene
- HSR201e1
- Outcome
- subcellular localizatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We herein examined the subcellular localization of HSR201 and found that it fused to a yellow fluorescent protein localized in peroxisomes”
e2“The virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of PEX5, a PTS1 receptor, but not PEX7, a PTS2 receptor, compromised the peroxisomal targeting of HSR201 in Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
A bioinformatics analysis failed to identify PTS1- or PTS2-like signals for HSR201.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae2
- Gene
- HSR201e1
- Outcome
- similar signalse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a bioinformatics analysis failed to identify similar signals for HSR201”
e2“The virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of PEX5, a PTS1 receptor, but not PEX7, a PTS2 receptor, compromised the peroxisomal targeting of HSR201 in Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion and mutation analyses identified the extreme C-terminal Leu460 as an essential residue for peroxisomal localization of HSR201.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae2
- Treatment
- Deletion and mutation analysese1
- Gene
- HSR201e1
- Outcome
- peroxisomal localizatione1
- Qualifier
- extreme C-terminal Leu460e1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Deletion and mutation analyses of HSR201 identified one essential (extreme C-terminal Leu460) and three important (Ile455, Ile456 and Ala459) amino acid residues for its peroxisomal localization”
e2“The virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of PEX5, a PTS1 receptor, but not PEX7, a PTS2 receptor, compromised the peroxisomal targeting of HSR201 in Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion and mutation analyses identified Ile455, Ile456 and Ala459 as important residues for peroxisomal localization of HSR201.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae2
- Treatment
- Deletion and mutation analysese1
- Gene
- HSR201e1
- Outcome
- peroxisomal localizatione1
- Qualifier
- three important (Ile455, Ile456 and Ala459) amino acid residuese1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Deletion and mutation analyses of HSR201 identified one essential (extreme C-terminal Leu460) and three important (Ile455, Ile456 and Ala459) amino acid residues for its peroxisomal localization”
e2“The virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of PEX5, a PTS1 receptor, but not PEX7, a PTS2 receptor, compromised the peroxisomal targeting of HSR201 in Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
VIGS of PEX5, a PTS1 receptor, compromised peroxisomal targeting of HSR201 in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae1
- Treatment
- virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of PEX5e1
- Gene
- PEX5e1
- Outcome
- peroxisomal targeting of HSR201e1
- Comparator
- PEX7e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of PEX5, a PTS1 receptor, but not PEX7, a PTS2 receptor, compromised the peroxisomal targeting of HSR201 in Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
VIGS of PEX7, a PTS2 receptor, did not compromise peroxisomal targeting of HSR201 in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae1
- Treatment
- virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)e1
- Gene
- PEX7e1
- Outcome
- peroxisomal targeting of HSR201e1
- Comparator
- PEX5e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of PEX5, a PTS1 receptor, but not PEX7, a PTS2 receptor, compromised the peroxisomal targeting of HSR201 in Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
HSR201 mutants with reduced or non-peroxisomal targeting induced lower SA levels than the wild type when overexpressed with NtCNL in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume2 - Material
- HSR201 mutants with reduced or non-peroxisomal targetinge1
- Treatment
- overexpressed with NtCNLe1
- Outcome
- SA levelse1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- wild typee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When overexpressed with NtCNL, HSR201 mutants with reduced or non-peroxisomal targeting induced lower SA levels than the wild type”
e2“production of significant amounts of SA in tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutations of HSR201 did not affect its protein stability or activity.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae2
- Treatment
- mutationse1
- Gene
- HSR201e1
- Outcome
- protein stability or activitye1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“these mutations did not affect the protein stability or activity of HSR201”
e2“The virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of PEX5, a PTS1 receptor, but not PEX7, a PTS2 receptor, compromised the peroxisomal targeting of HSR201 in Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
VIGS of the HSR201 homolog compromised pathogen signal-induced SA accumulation in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae1
- Treatment
- VIGS of the HSR201 homologe1
- Outcome
- pathogen signal-induced SA accumulatione1
- Direction
- compromisede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“VIGS of the HSR201 homolog compromised pathogen signal-induced SA accumulation in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
The HSR201 wild type complemented the pathogen signal-induced SA accumulation lost in VIGS plants.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae2
- Treatment
- HSR201 wild typee1
- Gene
- HSR201e1
- Outcome
- pathogen signal-induced SA accumulatione2
- Direction
- complementede1
- Comparator
- VIGS of the HSR201 homologe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“which was complemented by the HSR201 wild type, but not the mutant with non-peroxisomal targeting”
e2“VIGS of the HSR201 homolog compromised pathogen signal-induced SA accumulation in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
The mutant with non-peroxisomal targeting did not complement the pathogen signal-induced SA accumulation of VIGS plants.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae2
- Treatment
- mutant with non-peroxisomal targetinge1
- Outcome
- pathogen signal-induced SA accumulatione2
- Comparator
- HSR201 wild typee1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“which was complemented by the HSR201 wild type, but not the mutant with non-peroxisomal targeting”
e2“VIGS of the HSR201 homolog compromised pathogen signal-induced SA accumulation in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Peroxisomal localization of HSR201 is suggested to be mediated by a non-canonical PTS1.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Gene
- HSR201e1
- Outcome
- peroxisomal localizatione1
- Qualifier
- mediated by a non-canonical PTS1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“These results suggest that the peroxisomal localization of HSR201 is mediated by a non-canonical PTS1 and required for SA biosynthesis”
e2“production of significant amounts of SA in tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Peroxisomal localization of HSR201 is suggested to be required for SA biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Gene
- HSR201e1
- Outcome
- SA biosynthesise1
- Qualifier
- required for SA biosynthesise1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“These results suggest that the peroxisomal localization of HSR201 is mediated by a non-canonical PTS1 and required for SA biosynthesis”
e2“production of significant amounts of SA in tobacco”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.