Abstract
Photoinhibition and photooxidation of photosystem II (PSII) is one of the key damages caused by drought stress. The present study aimed to assess whether or not foliar application of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) is effective in promoting PSII stability and activity in corn plants under drought stress. Three-week old plants of corn were subjected to drought stress and varying levels of CuO nano-particles (0, 25, 50, and 100 mM) of the rooting medium. In this study, the effects of foliar application of copper oxide nanoparticles were assessed on growth, plant water status, nutrient uptake and structural stability of photosystem II of drought stressed corn plants. Drought stress impeded overall growth of the corn plants by reducing leaf relative water content, water potential, chlorophyll a content, and accumulation of K+ in plant leaves and roots. Exogenous application of 25 mM CuO NPs significantly enhanced the growth of corn. Exogenous application of CuO NPs improved the dry biomass and length of roots of the corn plants under drought stress. Although the application of nano-particles did not change leaf photosynthetic pigments, relative water content, K+ accumulation, it enhanced the accumulation of K+ in roots. Drought stress did not affect the structural stability of PSII, but it reduced its activity (performance index, PIABS) due to changes in the reaction center density and the biochemical reaction efficiency or electron transport capability. Exogenous application of CuO NPs improved PIABS due to increase in active reaction center density and electron transport efficiency. However, 100 mM CuO NPs application caused PSII damage at the donor end and reduced active reaction center density in the corn plants under both normal and drought stress conditions. The present findings provide a baseline information that foliar application of CuO-nanoparticles in low concentrations can improve the growth of corn by improving accumulation of K+ and increasing PSII activity. Further research is required to explore its effect on cellular redox balance and activities of PSII and PSI, and optimum dose of CuO-nanoparticles for developing formulations for their commercial applications in farmers’ fields.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced corn growth, leaf water status, chlorophyll a and K+ accumulation.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- overall growthe0
- Direction
- impedede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress impeded overall growth of the corn plants by reducing leaf relative water content, water potential, chlorophyll a content, and accumulation of K+ in plant leaves and roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced leaf relative water content and water potential.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water content, water potentiale0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress impeded overall growth of the corn plants by reducing leaf relative water content, water potential, chlorophyll a content, and accumulation of K+ in plant leaves and roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced leaf chlorophyll a content and K+ accumulation in leaves and roots.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll a content, and accumulation of K+ in plant leaves and rootse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress impeded overall growth of the corn plants by reducing leaf relative water content, water potential, chlorophyll a content, and accumulation of K+ in plant leaves and roots”
Claim · model-written summary
A 25 mM CuO NP application significantly enhanced corn growth.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Exogenous application of 25 mM CuO NPse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous application of 25 mM CuO NPs significantly enhanced the growth of corn”
Claim · model-written summary
CuO nanoparticles improved root dry biomass and length under drought.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Exogenous application of CuO NPse0
- Outcome
- dry biomass and length of rootse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under drought stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous application of CuO NPs improved the dry biomass and length of roots of the corn plants under drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles did not change leaf pigments, relative water content or K+ accumulation.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- application of nano-particlese0
- Outcome
- leaf photosynthetic pigments, relative water content, K+ accumulatione0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of nano-particles did not change leaf photosynthetic pigments, relative water content, K+ accumulation”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles enhanced K+ accumulation in roots.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- CuO nanoparticlest1
- Outcome
- accumulation of K+ in rootse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it enhanced the accumulation of K+ in roots”
t0“corn”
t1“CuO nanoparticles”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought did not affect PSII structural stability.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- structural stability of PSIIe0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress did not affect the structural stability of PSII”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced PSII activity via changes in reaction center density and electron transport.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse2
- Outcome
- activity (performance index, PIABS)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- changes in the reaction center density and the biochemical reaction efficiency or electron transport capabilitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it reduced its activity (performance index, PIABS) due to changes in the reaction center density and the biochemical reaction efficiency or electron transport capability”
t0“corn”
e2“Drought stress did not affect the structural stability of PSII”
Claim · model-written summary
CuO nanoparticles improved PIABS through increased active reaction center density and electron transport efficiency.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Exogenous application of CuO NPse0
- Outcome
- PIABSe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- increase in active reaction center density and electron transport efficiencye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous application of CuO NPs improved PIABS due to increase in active reaction center density and electron transport efficiency”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
100 mM CuO nanoparticles damaged the PSII donor end under normal and drought conditions.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 100 mM CuO NPs applicatione0
- Outcome
- PSII damage at the donor ende0
- Qualifier
- under both normal and drought stress conditionse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100 mM CuO NPs application caused PSII damage at the donor end and reduced active reaction center density in the corn plants under both normal and drought stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
100 mM CuO nanoparticles reduced active reaction center density in normal and drought stressed corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 100 mM CuO NPs applicatione0
- Outcome
- active reaction center densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- under both normal and drought stress conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100 mM CuO NPs application caused PSII damage at the donor end and reduced active reaction center density in the corn plants under both normal and drought stress conditions”
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