Abstract
Drought is the one primary issue limiting peanut growth and productivity. The study aimed to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), rhizobium (Rhi), and their combinations on phenolic content, proline content, growth, and yield of peanut under different soil water regimes. The pot experiments were carried out for two growing seasons under greenhouse conditions and designed based on a 2×3 factorial in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Factor A comprised two soil water regimes: field capacity (FC) and 1/3 available soil water (1/3 AW), whereas factor B included three different types of microorganisms: (i) uninoculated control, (ii) arbuscular mycorrhiza (AMF), and (iii) a combination of AMF and rhizobium (Rhi) inoculations. Data were collected for growth, proline content, phenolic content, yield, and yield components. Drought stress significantly reduced in relative water content, leaf area, biomass, yield, and yield components of peanut, whereas leaf phenolic content was increased under drought stress. Higher pod dry weight was achieved under FC conditions (28.87 g plant -1 ), and it was reduced to 16.06 g plant -1 under 1/3 FC. Interestingly, AMF+Rhi synergistically increased the leaf area compared with non-incubated peanut under 1/3 FC conditions. AMF-inoculated peanut tended to increase biomass, while the combination of AMF+Rhi tended to have higher yield components compared with uninoculated control, especially for the weight of 100 seeds.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced peanut relative water content.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress significantly reduced in relative water content, leaf area, biomass, yield, and yield components of peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced peanut leaf area and biomass.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf area, biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress significantly reduced in relative water content, leaf area, biomass, yield, and yield components of peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced peanut yield and yield components.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- yield, and yield componentse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress significantly reduced in relative water content, leaf area, biomass, yield, and yield components of peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased peanut leaf phenolic content.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf phenolic contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf phenolic content was increased under drought stress”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod dry weight was 28.87 g plant -1 under field capacity.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- pod dry weighte0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Value
- 28.87 g plant -1e0
- Qualifier
- FC conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher pod dry weight was achieved under FC conditions (28.87 g plant -1 )”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod dry weight fell to 16.06 g plant -1 under 1/3 FC.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- 1/3 FCe0
- Outcome
- pod dry weighte2
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 16.06 g plant -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it was reduced to 16.06 g plant -1 under 1/3 FC”
t0“peanut”
e2“Higher pod dry weight was achieved under FC conditions (28.87 g plant -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined AMF and rhizobium increased peanut leaf area under 1/3 FC versus uninoculated plants.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- AMF+Rhie0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Rhie0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 1/3 FC conditionse0
- Comparator
- non-incubated peanute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF+Rhi synergistically increased the leaf area compared with non-incubated peanut under 1/3 FC conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation tended to increase peanut biomass.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- AMF-inoculatede0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF-inoculated peanut tended to increase biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined AMF and rhizobium tended to increase yield components, especially 100-seed weight.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- AMF+Rhie0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Rhie0symbiont
- Outcome
- yield componentse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- weight of 100 seedse0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combination of AMF+Rhi tended to have higher yield components compared with uninoculated control, especially for the weight of 100 seeds”
t0“peanut”
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