Abstract
A two-year (2020–2021) field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of particular nanoparticles and biofertilizers on the growth, yield, and biochemical attributes of peanuts (Cv. Giza 6). Before planting, the seeds were inoculated with two biofertilizers, mycorrhiza and phosphorine, and were considered the main plot. The subplot contained foliar sprays of nanoparticles, i.e., 200 ppm boron (B), 200 ppm calcium (Ca), their combination (Ca+B), and the control (no spray). The results revealed that mycorrhiza significantly increased 100-seed weight (70.45 g), seed yield (1.9 ton/ha), biological yield (7.5 ton/ha), crop growth rate (CGR) (2.9 g day−1 m−2), branching number (12.5), and protein content (22.96) compared with the control or phosphorine. Among the nanoparticles, Ca+B maximally improved plant height, CGR, 100-seed weight, shelling percentage, seed yield, oil content, and seed protein, while plants treated with B exhibited maximum seed nitrogen, pods per plant, and biological yield compared to other treatments. Overall, plants treated with Ca and B nanoparticles and mycorrhiza exhibited remarkable improvement in their growth, yield, and biochemical attributes, suggesting that nanotechnology and biofertilization are steps toward environmentally friendly, progressive farming. This study laid the basis for further elucidation of the molecular mechanism of plants in response to these nanoparticles and biofertilizers.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza increased peanut 100-seed weight versus control or phosphorine.
- Taxon
- peanuts
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- mycorrhizae0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- 100-seed weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 70.45 ge0
- Comparator
- the control or phosphorinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhiza significantly increased 100-seed weight (70.45 g), seed yield (1.9 ton/ha), biological yield (7.5 ton/ha), crop growth rate (CGR) (2.9 g day−1 m−2), branching number (12.5), and protein content (22.96) compared with the control or phosphorine”
t0“peanuts (Cv. Giza 6)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza increased peanut seed yield versus control or phosphorine.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizae0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1.9 ton/hae0
- Comparator
- the control or phosphorinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhiza significantly increased 100-seed weight (70.45 g), seed yield (1.9 ton/ha), biological yield (7.5 ton/ha), crop growth rate (CGR) (2.9 g day−1 m−2), branching number (12.5), and protein content (22.96) compared with the control or phosphorine”
t0“peanuts (Cv. Giza 6)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza increased peanut biological yield versus control or phosphorine.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizae0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7.5 ton/hae0
- Comparator
- the control or phosphorinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhiza significantly increased 100-seed weight (70.45 g), seed yield (1.9 ton/ha), biological yield (7.5 ton/ha), crop growth rate (CGR) (2.9 g day−1 m−2), branching number (12.5), and protein content (22.96) compared with the control or phosphorine”
t0“peanuts (Cv. Giza 6)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza increased peanut crop growth rate (CGR) versus control or phosphorine.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizae0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- crop growth rate (CGR)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.9 g day−1 m−2e0
- Comparator
- the control or phosphorinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhiza significantly increased 100-seed weight (70.45 g), seed yield (1.9 ton/ha), biological yield (7.5 ton/ha), crop growth rate (CGR) (2.9 g day−1 m−2), branching number (12.5), and protein content (22.96) compared with the control or phosphorine”
t0“peanuts (Cv. Giza 6)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza increased peanut branching number versus control or phosphorine.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizae0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- branching numbere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12.5e0
- Comparator
- the control or phosphorinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhiza significantly increased 100-seed weight (70.45 g), seed yield (1.9 ton/ha), biological yield (7.5 ton/ha), crop growth rate (CGR) (2.9 g day−1 m−2), branching number (12.5), and protein content (22.96) compared with the control or phosphorine”
t0“peanuts (Cv. Giza 6)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza increased peanut protein content versus control or phosphorine.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizae0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 22.96e0
- Comparator
- the control or phosphorinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhiza significantly increased 100-seed weight (70.45 g), seed yield (1.9 ton/ha), biological yield (7.5 ton/ha), crop growth rate (CGR) (2.9 g day−1 m−2), branching number (12.5), and protein content (22.96) compared with the control or phosphorine”
t0“peanuts (Cv. Giza 6)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca+B maximally improved peanut plant height.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Ca+Be0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- maximally improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca+B maximally improved plant height, CGR, 100-seed weight, shelling percentage, seed yield, oil content, and seed protein”
t0“peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca+B maximally improved peanut CGR.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Ca+Be0
- Outcome
- CGRe0
- Direction
- maximally improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca+B maximally improved plant height, CGR, 100-seed weight, shelling percentage, seed yield, oil content, and seed protein”
t0“peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca+B maximally improved peanut 100-seed weight.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Ca+Be0
- Outcome
- 100-seed weighte0
- Direction
- maximally improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca+B maximally improved plant height, CGR, 100-seed weight, shelling percentage, seed yield, oil content, and seed protein”
t0“peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca+B maximally improved peanut shelling percentage.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Ca+Be0
- Outcome
- shelling percentagee0
- Direction
- maximally improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca+B maximally improved plant height, CGR, 100-seed weight, shelling percentage, seed yield, oil content, and seed protein”
t0“peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca+B maximally improved peanut seed yield.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Ca+Be0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- maximally improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca+B maximally improved plant height, CGR, 100-seed weight, shelling percentage, seed yield, oil content, and seed protein”
t0“peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca+B maximally improved peanut oil content.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Ca+Be0
- Outcome
- oil contente0
- Direction
- maximally improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca+B maximally improved plant height, CGR, 100-seed weight, shelling percentage, seed yield, oil content, and seed protein”
t0“peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca+B maximally improved peanut seed protein.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Ca+Be0
- Outcome
- seed proteine0
- Direction
- maximally improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca+B maximally improved plant height, CGR, 100-seed weight, shelling percentage, seed yield, oil content, and seed protein”
t0“peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
B treatment maximized peanut seed nitrogen.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Be0
- Outcome
- seed nitrogene0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants treated with B exhibited maximum seed nitrogen, pods per plant, and biological yield compared to other treatments”
t0“peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
B treatment maximized peanut pods per plant.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Be0
- Outcome
- pods per plante0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants treated with B exhibited maximum seed nitrogen, pods per plant, and biological yield compared to other treatments”
t0“peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
B treatment maximized peanut biological yield.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Be0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants treated with B exhibited maximum seed nitrogen, pods per plant, and biological yield compared to other treatments”
t0“peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined calcium, boron and mycorrhiza improved peanut growth, yield and biochemical attributes.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Ca and B nanoparticles and mycorrhizae0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth, yield, and biochemical attributese0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants treated with Ca and B nanoparticles and mycorrhiza exhibited remarkable improvement in their growth, yield, and biochemical attributes”
t0“peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.)”
The same questions in other papers
boron atom · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
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See all 34 papers →calcium atom · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
67 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 74 papers →calcium atom · growth · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- positive
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- no effect
35 papers more in this group
See all 39 papers →calcium atom · quality: oil · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →calcium atom · quality: protein · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →mycorrhiza · growth · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →mycorrhiza · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
26 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
25 papers more in this group
See all 29 papers →mycorrhiza · quality: protein · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.