Abstract
Iron-biofortification is a sustainable method of addressing iron (Fe) deficiency in crops by increasing iron content and bioavailability under alkaline conditions. In this regard, the management of Fe-deficient soil is becoming a serious matter of concern for soil health and the food web. The current research was carried out to investigate the possible impact of vermicompost (VC) and biochar (BC) along with iron (Fe) for improving the Fe fortification in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in alkaline soil. The wheat genotype “Fakher-e-Bakkhr” was used as a test plant. The findings showed the highest variations among all the measured parameters. The use of Fe along with VC and BC significantly improved plant height, root length, root and shoot weight, number of leaves, and overall plant biomass of wheat crop. A greater increment was noticed in available Fe in soil when VC, BC, and VC+BC along with Fe were applied in alkaline soil by 31.4%, 36.4%, and 41.5%, respectively, over control. Additionally, Fe contents in plants were increased by 16.5%, 22.6%, and 25.1% when VC, BC, and VC+BC along with Fe were applied in alkaline soil. Similarly, maximum increases in soil OM, available P, and K by 53%, 21.9%, and 19% were recorded when VC+BC+Fe was added in combined form relative to control. This study indicated that using organic amendments like BC and VC along with iron can have the potential to improve the bioavailability of iron and enhance wheat nutritional quality, thereby enhancing the Fe fortification in wheat under alkaline conditions.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Fe with VC and BC significantly improved wheat height, root length, root and shoot weight, leaf number and biomass.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- Fakher-e-Bakkhrt0
- Treatment
- Fe along with VC and BCe0
- Outcome
- plant height, root length, root and shoot weight, number of leaves, and overall plant biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of Fe along with VC and BC significantly improved plant height, root length, root and shoot weight, number of leaves, and overall plant biomass of wheat crop”
t0“The wheat genotype “Fakher-e-Bakkhr””
Claim · model-written summary
VC with Fe increased soil available Fe by 31.4% over control.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VCe0
- Outcome
- available Fe in soile0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 31.4%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- alkaline soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A greater increment was noticed in available Fe in soil when VC, BC, and VC+BC along with Fe were applied in alkaline soil by 31.4%, 36.4%, and 41.5%, respectively, over control”
t0“Assessment of Wheat Biofortificationfor”
Claim · model-written summary
BC with Fe increased soil available Fe by 36.4% over control.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- BCe0
- Outcome
- available Fe in soile0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 36.4%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- alkaline soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A greater increment was noticed in available Fe in soil when VC, BC, and VC+BC along with Fe were applied in alkaline soil by 31.4%, 36.4%, and 41.5%, respectively, over control”
t0“Assessment of Wheat Biofortificationfor”
Claim · model-written summary
VC+BC with Fe increased soil available Fe by 41.5% over control.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VC+BC along with Fee0
- Outcome
- available Fe in soile0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 41.5%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
- Setting
- alkaline soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A greater increment was noticed in available Fe in soil when VC, BC, and VC+BC along with Fe were applied in alkaline soil by 31.4%, 36.4%, and 41.5%, respectively, over control”
t0“Assessment of Wheat Biofortificationfor”
Claim · model-written summary
VC with Fe raised plant Fe content by 16.5%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VCe0
- Outcome
- Fe contents in plantse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16.5%e0
- Setting
- alkaline soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fe contents in plants were increased by 16.5%, 22.6%, and 25.1% when VC, BC, and VC+BC along with Fe were applied in alkaline soil”
t0“Assessment of Wheat Biofortificationfor”
Claim · model-written summary
BC with Fe raised plant Fe content by 22.6%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- BCe0
- Outcome
- Fe contents in plantse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 22.6%e0
- Setting
- alkaline soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fe contents in plants were increased by 16.5%, 22.6%, and 25.1% when VC, BC, and VC+BC along with Fe were applied in alkaline soil”
t0“Assessment of Wheat Biofortificationfor”
Claim · model-written summary
VC+BC with Fe raised plant Fe content by 25.1%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VC+BC along with Fee0
- Outcome
- Fe contents in plantse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 25.1%e0
- Setting
- alkaline soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fe contents in plants were increased by 16.5%, 22.6%, and 25.1% when VC, BC, and VC+BC along with Fe were applied in alkaline soil”
t0“Assessment of Wheat Biofortificationfor”
Claim · model-written summary
VC+BC+Fe increased soil OM by 53% relative to control.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VC+BC+Fee0
- Outcome
- soil OMe0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 53%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum increases in soil OM, available P, and K by 53%, 21.9%, and 19% were recorded when VC+BC+Fe was added in combined form relative to control”
t0“Assessment of Wheat Biofortificationfor”
Claim · model-written summary
VC+BC+Fe increased soil available P by 21.9% relative to control.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VC+BC+Fee0
- Outcome
- available Pe0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 21.9%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum increases in soil OM, available P, and K by 53%, 21.9%, and 19% were recorded when VC+BC+Fe was added in combined form relative to control”
t0“Assessment of Wheat Biofortificationfor”
Claim · model-written summary
VC+BC+Fe increased soil K by 19% relative to control.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- VC+BC+Fee0
- Outcome
- Ke0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 19%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum increases in soil OM, available P, and K by 53%, 21.9%, and 19% were recorded when VC+BC+Fe was added in combined form relative to control”
t0“Assessment of Wheat Biofortificationfor”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest organic amendments with iron can improve iron bioavailability and wheat nutritional quality in alkaline conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- BC and VC along with irone0
- Outcome
- improve the bioavailability of iron and enhance wheat nutritional qualitye0
- Setting
- alkaline conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using organic amendments like BC and VC along with iron can have the potential to improve the bioavailability of iron and enhance wheat nutritional quality, thereby enhancing the Fe fortification in wheat under alkaline conditions”
The same questions in other papers
iron atom · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
40 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
50 papers more in this group
See all 54 papers →iron atom · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
60 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
70 papers more in this group
See all 74 papers →iron atom · soil: chemistry · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →biochar · soil: chemistry · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →biochar · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
58 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
59 papers more in this group
See all 63 papers →biochar · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
79 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
81 papers more in this group
See all 85 papers →fertilization · soil: chemistry · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
189 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
210 papers more in this group
See all 214 papers →fertilization · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
662 papers in the same direction as this paper · 89 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
751 papers more in this group
See all 755 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.