Abstract
Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) yields in Africa can be increased through the application of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers, as both nutrients are low in African soils. However, using greener technologies is preferred to mineral fertilizers for maintaining soil health. In this study, Rhizobium inoculation and moderate P supply (0, 10, 20, and 30 kg·ha−1) to two bean cultivars were evaluated in consecutive years at Hawassa for their effects on plant growth, nodulation, and grain yield. The results showed that, relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation, with strain HB-429 outperforming strain GT-9 in both 2012 and 2013. Shoot biomass, nodule number and nodule dry matter per plant were increased by 9%, 40%, and 54%, respectively, in 2012, and by 20%, 39%, and 13% in 2013 with strain HB-429 inoculation. This resulted in increased pod number per plant, seed number per pod and grain yield by 56%, 51%, and 49% in 2012, and by 38%, 25%, and 69% in 2013, respectively, with strain HB-429 inoculation. Bean inoculation with GT-9 also increased grain yield by 35% and 68% in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Applying 10–30 kg·ha−1 P to bean cultivars increased shoot biomass, nodule number, and nodule dry matter per plant by 7% to 39%, 23% to 59%, and 59% to 144% in 2012, respectively, and by 10% to 40%, 21% to 43%, and 12% to 35% in 2013, respectively. Relative to the zero-P control, adding only 10 kg·ha−1 P increased pod number per plant, seed number per pod, and grain yield by 10%, 30%, and 61% in 2012, and by 11%, 11%, and 38% in 2013, respectively. The combined use of Rhizobium inoculation with low P application (20 kg·ha−1) was found to increase bean production in Ethiopia and is thus recommended to resource-poor farmers.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 outperformed GT-9 in both study years.
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation, with strain HB-429 outperforming strain GT-9 in both 2012 and 2013”
t0“bean”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased Shoot biomass by 9% in 2012.
- Taxon
- Beant0
- Outcome
- Shoot biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 9%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
- Setting
- Hawassae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot biomass, nodule number and nodule dry matter per plant were increased by 9%, 40%, and 54%, respectively, in 2012, and by 20%, 39%, and 13% in 2013 with strain HB-429 inoculation”
t0“common bean”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
e2“at Hawassa”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased nodule number by 40% in 2012.
- Taxon
- Beant0
- Outcome
- nodule numbere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 40%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
- Setting
- Hawassae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot biomass, nodule number and nodule dry matter per plant were increased by 9%, 40%, and 54%, respectively, in 2012, and by 20%, 39%, and 13% in 2013 with strain HB-429 inoculation”
t0“common bean”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
e2“at Hawassa”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased nodule dry matter per plant by 54% in 2012.
- Taxon
- Beant0
- Outcome
- nodule dry matter per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 54%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
- Setting
- Hawassae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot biomass, nodule number and nodule dry matter per plant were increased by 9%, 40%, and 54%, respectively, in 2012, and by 20%, 39%, and 13% in 2013 with strain HB-429 inoculation”
t0“common bean”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
e2“at Hawassa”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased Shoot biomass by 20% in 2013.
- Taxon
- Beant0
- Outcome
- Shoot biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
- Setting
- Hawassae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot biomass, nodule number and nodule dry matter per plant were increased by 9%, 40%, and 54%, respectively, in 2012, and by 20%, 39%, and 13% in 2013 with strain HB-429 inoculation”
t0“common bean”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
e2“at Hawassa”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased nodule number by 39% in 2013.
- Taxon
- Beant0
- Outcome
- nodule numbere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 39%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
- Setting
- Hawassae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot biomass, nodule number and nodule dry matter per plant were increased by 9%, 40%, and 54%, respectively, in 2012, and by 20%, 39%, and 13% in 2013 with strain HB-429 inoculation”
t0“common bean”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
e2“at Hawassa”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased nodule dry matter per plant by 13% in 2013.
- Taxon
- Beant0
- Outcome
- nodule dry matter per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
- Setting
- Hawassae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot biomass, nodule number and nodule dry matter per plant were increased by 9%, 40%, and 54%, respectively, in 2012, and by 20%, 39%, and 13% in 2013 with strain HB-429 inoculation”
t0“common bean”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
e2“at Hawassa”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased pod number per plant by 56% in 2012.
- Taxon
- common bean
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Treatment
- strain HB-429 inoculatione0
- Outcome
- pod number per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 56%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This resulted in increased pod number per plant, seed number per pod and grain yield by 56%, 51%, and 49% in 2012, and by 38%, 25%, and 69% in 2013, respectively, with strain HB-429 inoculation”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased seed number per pod by 51% in 2012.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- strain HB-429 inoculatione0
- Outcome
- seed number per pode0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 51%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This resulted in increased pod number per plant, seed number per pod and grain yield by 56%, 51%, and 49% in 2012, and by 38%, 25%, and 69% in 2013, respectively, with strain HB-429 inoculation”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased grain yield by 49% in 2012.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- strain HB-429 inoculatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 49%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This resulted in increased pod number per plant, seed number per pod and grain yield by 56%, 51%, and 49% in 2012, and by 38%, 25%, and 69% in 2013, respectively, with strain HB-429 inoculation”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased pod number per plant by 38% in 2013.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- strain HB-429 inoculatione0
- Outcome
- pod number per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 38%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This resulted in increased pod number per plant, seed number per pod and grain yield by 56%, 51%, and 49% in 2012, and by 38%, 25%, and 69% in 2013, respectively, with strain HB-429 inoculation”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased seed number per pod by 25% in 2013.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- strain HB-429 inoculatione0
- Outcome
- seed number per pode0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 25%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This resulted in increased pod number per plant, seed number per pod and grain yield by 56%, 51%, and 49% in 2012, and by 38%, 25%, and 69% in 2013, respectively, with strain HB-429 inoculation”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
HB-429 inoculation increased grain yield by 69% in 2013.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- strain HB-429 inoculatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 69%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This resulted in increased pod number per plant, seed number per pod and grain yield by 56%, 51%, and 49% in 2012, and by 38%, 25%, and 69% in 2013, respectively, with strain HB-429 inoculation”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
GT-9 inoculation increased bean grain yield by 35% in 2012.
- Taxon
- Beane0
- Treatment
- inoculation with GT-9e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bean inoculation with GT-9 also increased grain yield by 35% and 68% in 2012 and 2013, respectively”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
GT-9 inoculation increased bean grain yield by 68% in 2013.
- Taxon
- Beane0
- Treatment
- inoculation with GT-9e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 68%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bean inoculation with GT-9 also increased grain yield by 35% and 68% in 2012 and 2013, respectively”
e1“relative to the uninoculated control, the two bean cultivars responded strongly to Rhizobium inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 10–30 kg·ha−1 P increased shoot biomass, nodule number and nodule dry matter in both years.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Treatment
- 10–30 kg·ha−1 Pe0
- Outcome
- shoot biomass, nodule number, and nodule dry matter per plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Applying 10–30 kg·ha−1 P to bean cultivars increased shoot biomass, nodule number, and nodule dry matter per plant by 7% to 39%, 23% to 59%, and 59% to 144% in 2012, respectively, and by 10% to 40%, 21% to 43%, and 12% to 35% in 2013, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding 10 kg·ha−1 P increased pod number, seed number per pod and grain yield in both years.
Verbatim
e0“Relative to the zero-P control, adding only 10 kg·ha−1 P increased pod number per plant, seed number per pod, and grain yield by 10%, 30%, and 61% in 2012, and by 11%, 11%, and 38% in 2013, respectively”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined Rhizobium inoculation and 20 kg·ha−1 P increased bean production in Ethiopia.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Treatment
- combined use of Rhizobium inoculation with low P application (20 kg·ha−1)e0
- Outcome
- bean productione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- Ethiopiae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined use of Rhizobium inoculation with low P application (20 kg·ha−1) was found to increase bean production in Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend combined Rhizobium inoculation and low P application to resource-poor farmers.
Verbatim
e0“The combined use of Rhizobium inoculation with low P application (20 kg·ha−1) was found to increase bean production in Ethiopia and is thus recommended to resource-poor farmers”
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