Abstract
Plant biostimulants are utilized in order to improve cabbage production and enhance qualitative characteristics while avoiding negative and harmful effects on human health because they are completely biodegradable, nontoxic, and do not pose a threat to humans. This study was executed during two winter seasons (2021/2022 and 2022/2023) to study the influence of plant biostimulants e.g. glycine, proline, seaweed extract, ascorbic acid and citric acid on growth, productivity, and head quality of cabbage cv. Brunswick. The results revealed that seaweed extract, glycine and ascorbic acid promoted vegetative growth traits i.e. number and weight of non-wrapped leaves and head weight in both seasons of the study. Moreover, seaweed extract surpassed glycine and ascorbic acid treatments for enhancement of vegetative traits. Treated plants with seaweed extracts showed the highest mean values for yield traits such as plant weight, marketable and total yield. Additionally, glycine and ascorbic acid treatments showed relatively positive effects for yield traits in both seasons, while proline and citric acid insignificant effects. Regarding head traits, glycine treated plants exhibited the largest mean values for equatorial and polar diameters followed by the seaweed extract and ascorbic acid. Likewise, glycine resulted in the largest mean values of head volume followed by seaweed extracts and ascorbic treatments. Dry matter content increased with the application of seaweed extract and glycine, whereas glycine, seaweed extract and ascorbic showed positive effects for TSS in both seasons. Generally, the results reflected relatively high improvement in vegetative, yield and head traits by the exogenous application of plant biostimulants, namely seaweed extracts, glycine and ascorbic; with superiority of seaweed extracts for enhancing cabbage productivity and quality.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract promoted number and weight of non-wrapped leaves and head weight in both seasons.
- Taxon
- cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitatae1 - Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- seaweed extracte0
- Outcome
- number and weight of non-wrapped leaves and head weighte0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seaweed extract, glycine and ascorbic acid promoted vegetative growth traits i.e. number and weight of non-wrapped leaves and head weight in both seasons of the study.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycine promoted number and weight of non-wrapped leaves and head weight in both seasons.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- glycinee0
- Outcome
- number and weight of non-wrapped leaves and head weighte0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seaweed extract, glycine and ascorbic acid promoted vegetative growth traits i.e. number and weight of non-wrapped leaves and head weight in both seasons of the study.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid promoted number and weight of non-wrapped leaves and head weight in both seasons.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- number and weight of non-wrapped leaves and head weighte0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seaweed extract, glycine and ascorbic acid promoted vegetative growth traits i.e. number and weight of non-wrapped leaves and head weight in both seasons of the study.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract surpassed glycine and ascorbic acid in enhancing vegetative traits.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- seaweed extracte0
- Outcome
- vegetative traitse0
- Direction
- surpassede0
- Comparator
- glycine and ascorbic acid treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seaweed extract surpassed glycine and ascorbic acid treatments for enhancement of vegetative traits.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extracts produced the highest plant weight, marketable yield and total yield.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- seaweed extractse0
- Outcome
- plant weight, marketable and total yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treated plants with seaweed extracts showed the highest mean values for yield traits such as plant weight, marketable and total yield.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycine had relatively positive effects on yield traits in both seasons.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- glycinee0
- Outcome
- yield traitse0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycine and ascorbic acid treatments showed relatively positive effects for yield traits in both seasons, while proline and citric acid insignificant effects.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid had relatively positive effects on yield traits in both seasons.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- yield traitse0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycine and ascorbic acid treatments showed relatively positive effects for yield traits in both seasons, while proline and citric acid insignificant effects.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline effects on yield traits were insignificant.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- prolinee0
- Outcome
- yield traitse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycine and ascorbic acid treatments showed relatively positive effects for yield traits in both seasons, while proline and citric acid insignificant effects.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Citric acid effects on yield traits were insignificant.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- citric acide0
- Outcome
- yield traitse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycine and ascorbic acid treatments showed relatively positive effects for yield traits in both seasons, while proline and citric acid insignificant effects.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycine produced the largest equatorial and polar diameters, followed by seaweed extract and ascorbic acid.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- glycinee0
- Outcome
- equatorial and polar diameterse0
- Direction
- largeste0
- Comparator
- seaweed extract and ascorbic acide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycine treated plants exhibited the largest mean values for equatorial and polar diameters followed by the seaweed extract and ascorbic acid.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycine produced the largest head volume, followed by seaweed extracts and ascorbic treatments.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- glycinee0
- Outcome
- head volumee0
- Direction
- largeste0
- Comparator
- seaweed extracts and ascorbic treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycine resulted in the largest mean values of head volume followed by seaweed extracts and ascorbic treatments.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased dry matter content.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- seaweed extracte0
- Outcome
- Dry matter contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter content increased with the application of seaweed extract and glycine”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycine increased dry matter content.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- glycinee0
- Outcome
- Dry matter contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter content increased with the application of seaweed extract and glycine”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycine had positive effects on TSS in both seasons.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- glycinee0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycine, seaweed extract and ascorbic showed positive effects for TSS in both seasons.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract had positive effects on TSS in both seasons.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- seaweed extracte0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycine, seaweed extract and ascorbic showed positive effects for TSS in both seasons.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic had positive effects on TSS in both seasons.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
- Material
- Brunswicke1
- Treatment
- ascorbice0
- Outcome
- TSSe0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
- Qualifier
- both seasonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycine, seaweed extract and ascorbic showed positive effects for TSS in both seasons.”
e1“cabbage cv. Brunswick”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude seaweed extracts were superior for enhancing cabbage productivity and quality.
- Taxon
- cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- seaweed extractse0
- Outcome
- enhancing cabbage productivity and qualitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with superiority of seaweed extracts for enhancing cabbage productivity and quality.”
The same questions in other papers
other · yield · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results differ
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- no effect
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other · quality: sugar starch · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree
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See all 6 papers →other · quality: postharvest · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.