Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at KSNUAHS, Shivamogga, India during Kharif 2023 to evaluate the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with twelve treatments and replicated thrice. Various levels and methods of nano DAP treatments were evaluated, among the tested treatments application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11) recorded higher plant height (58.50 cm), number of branches (15.92), number of effective root nodules at 30 and 60 DAS (47.43 and 85.27 respectively), the yield attributes like number of pods plant-1 (53.40), test weight (42.48 g), pod yield (3562.5 kg ha-1), kernel yield (2659.73 kg ha-1), haulm yield (4301.47 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (74.69 %) were also found significantly higher in the same treatment. It also recorded higher gross returns (2,16,980 ₹ ha-1), net returns (1,41,716 ₹ ha-1), and B: C ratio (2.88) compared to the recommended dose of fertilizers, 12.4 per cent increased pod yield was noted with nano DAP application. This increase in yield can aid in ensuring food security, while the environmentally friendly properties of Nano DAP support the practice of sustainable agriculture.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave higher plant height in groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 58.50 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e1“recorded higher plant height (58.50 cm), number of branches (15.92)”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave a higher number of branches in groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- number of branchese1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 15.92e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e1“recorded higher plant height (58.50 cm), number of branches (15.92)”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave a higher number of effective root nodules at 30 DAS in groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- number of effective root nodulese4
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 47.43e4
- Qualifier
- at 30 and 60 DASe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e1“recorded higher plant height (58.50 cm), number of branches (15.92)”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
e4“number of effective root nodules at 30 and 60 DAS (47.43 and 85.27 respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave a higher number of effective root nodules at 60 DAS in groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- number of effective root nodulese4
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 85.27e4
- Qualifier
- at 30 and 60 DASe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e1“recorded higher plant height (58.50 cm), number of branches (15.92)”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
e4“number of effective root nodules at 30 and 60 DAS (47.43 and 85.27 respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave a significantly higher number of pods per plant in groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- number of pods plant-1e5
- Direction
- significantly highere6
- Value
- 53.40e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
e5“number of pods plant-1 (53.40)”
e6“were also found significantly higher in the same treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave a significantly higher test weight in groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- test weighte7
- Direction
- significantly highere6
- Value
- 42.48 ge7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
e6“were also found significantly higher in the same treatment”
e7“test weight (42.48 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave a significantly higher pod yield of 3562.5 kg per hectare in groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- pod yielde3
- Direction
- significantly highere6
- Value
- 3562.5 kg ha-1e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
e6“were also found significantly higher in the same treatment”
e3“pod yield (3562.5 kg ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave a significantly higher kernel yield in groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- kernel yielde3
- Direction
- significantly highere6
- Value
- 2659.73 kg ha-1e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
e6“were also found significantly higher in the same treatment”
e3“kernel yield (2659.73 kg ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave a significantly higher haulm yield in groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- haulm yielde3
- Direction
- significantly highere6
- Value
- 4301.47 kg ha-1e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
e6“were also found significantly higher in the same treatment”
e3“haulm yield (4301.47 kg ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave a significantly higher shelling percentage in groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- shelling percentagee3
- Direction
- significantly highere6
- Value
- 74.69 %e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
e6“were also found significantly higher in the same treatment”
e3“shelling percentage (74.69 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave higher gross returns in groundnut than the recommended dose of fertilizers.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- gross returnse5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 2,16,980 ₹ ha-1e5
- Comparator
- recommended dose of fertilizerse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
e5“It also recorded higher gross returns (2,16,980 ₹ ha-1), net returns (1,41,716 ₹ ha-1), and B: C ratio (2.88) compared to the recommended dose of fertilizers”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave higher net returns in groundnut than the recommended dose of fertilizers.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- net returnse5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 1,41,716 ₹ ha-1e5
- Comparator
- recommended dose of fertilizerse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
e5“It also recorded higher gross returns (2,16,980 ₹ ha-1), net returns (1,41,716 ₹ ha-1), and B: C ratio (2.88) compared to the recommended dose of fertilizers”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP treatment (T11) gave a higher B:C ratio in groundnut than the recommended dose of fertilizers.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)e2
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 2.88e5
- Comparator
- recommended dose of fertilizerse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e2“application of 100 per cent recommended dose of N & P along with seed treatment of nano DAP 2.5 ml kg-1 of seeds and one foliar spray of nano DAP 4 ml l-1 at 30 DAS (T11)”
e5“It also recorded higher gross returns (2,16,980 ₹ ha-1), net returns (1,41,716 ₹ ha-1), and B: C ratio (2.88) compared to the recommended dose of fertilizers”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano DAP application increased groundnut pod yield by 12.4 percent relative to the recommended dose of fertilizers.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- nano DAP applicatione6
- Outcome
- pod yielde6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Value
- 12.4 per cente6
- Comparator
- recommended dose of fertilizerse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of nano DAP on the growth and yield of groundnut”
e5“It also recorded higher gross returns (2,16,980 ₹ ha-1), net returns (1,41,716 ₹ ha-1), and B: C ratio (2.88) compared to the recommended dose of fertilizers”
e6“12.4 per cent increased pod yield was noted with nano DAP application”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.