Abstract
Summary Polyploidization is a common occurrence in the evolutionary history of flowering plants, significantly contributing to their adaptability and diversity. However, the molecular mechanisms behind these adaptive advantages are not well understood. Through comprehensive phenotyping of diploid and tetraploid clones from Citrus and Poncirus genera, we discovered that genome doubling significantly enhances salt stress resilience. Epigenetic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that increased ethylene production in the roots of tetraploid plants was associated with hypomethylation and enhanced chromatin accessibility of the ACO1 gene. This increased ethylene production activates the transcription of reactive oxygen species scavenging genes and stress‐related hormone biosynthesis genes. Consequently, tetraploid plants exhibited superior root functionality under salt stress, maintaining improved cytosolic K + /Na + homeostasis. To genetically validate the link between salt stress resilience and ACO1 expression, we generated overexpression and knockout lines, confirming the central role of ACO1 expression regulation following genome doubling in salt stress resilience. Our work elucidates the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of genome doubling in stress resilience. We also highlight the importance of chromatin dynamics in fine‐tuning ethylene gene expression and activating salt stress resilience pathways, offering valuable insights into plant adaptation and crop genome evolution.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Genome doubling enhanced salt stress resilience in Citrus and Poncirus clones.
CitrusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Through comprehensive phenotyping of diploid and tetraploid clones from Citrus and Poncirus genera, we discovered that genome doubling significantly enhances salt stress resilience.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetraploid roots had increased ethylene production associated with ACO1 hypomethylation and chromatin accessibility.
Verbatim
e0“increased ethylene production in the roots of tetraploid plants was associated with hypomethylation and enhanced chromatin accessibility of the ACO1 gene”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased ethylene production activated transcription of ROS scavenging and stress hormone biosynthesis genes.
- Compound
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- transcription of reactive oxygen species scavenging genes and stress‐related hormone biosynthesis genese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“This increased ethylene production activates the transcription of reactive oxygen species scavenging genes and stress‐related hormone biosynthesis genes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetraploid plants maintained improved root functionality and cytosolic potassium and sodium homeostasis under salt stress.
Verbatim
e0“tetraploid plants exhibited superior root functionality under salt stress, maintaining improved cytosolic K + /Na + homeostasis”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression and knockout lines confirmed ACO1 regulation as central to salt resilience after genome doubling.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“we generated overexpression and knockout lines, confirming the central role of ACO1 expression regulation following genome doubling in salt stress resilience”