Abstract
Soil salinity affects plant growth and crop yield. This warrants the urgent need for sustainable management. Our research aims to assess the impact of hydrogel, biochar and biofertilizer on wheat physiology, yield, soil nutrients and enzymes. The study was carried out at the dry bed of the Aral Sea. The experimental design included hydrogel, biochar, biofertilizer (Yer malxami includes Azotobacter chroococcum, Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus subtilis ) and control treatments. After 60days of sowing, plant growth metrics, physiological qualities, root morphological features, soil nutrients and enzyme activities were measured. The findings revealed significant improvement in growth of wheat following biofertilizer, hydrogel and biochar treatments. Applying biofertilizer resulted in a notable increase in the total root length by 69.9%, root volume by 123.7% and root diameter by 84.6%, and the highest chlorophyll a (Chl a ) by 13.3%, chlorophyll b by 13.7% (Chl b ) and total chlorophyll content by 13.1% compared to other treatments. Biofertilizer treatment significantly enhanced plant nitrogen (N) content by 16.0%, phosphorus (P) content by 94.7% and potassium (K) content by 51.8%, and increased the activities of soil enzymes such as catalase and invertase. The implementation of these soil amendments can be posited to mitigate the deleterious effects of saline conditions on wheat and can improve wheat growth under salinity stress.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer significantly improved wheat growth.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- growth of wheate0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant improvement in growth of wheat following biofertilizer, hydrogel and biochar treatments”
t0“wheat in saline environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogel significantly improved wheat growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- hydrogele0
- Outcome
- growth of wheate0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant improvement in growth of wheat following biofertilizer, hydrogel and biochar treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar significantly improved wheat growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- biochare0
- Outcome
- growth of wheate0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant improvement in growth of wheat following biofertilizer, hydrogel and biochar treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer increased total root length by 69.9% compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- total root lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 69.9%e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
- Setting
- dry bed of the Aral Seae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying biofertilizer resulted in a notable increase in the total root length by 69.9%, root volume by 123.7% and root diameter by 84.6%, and the highest chlorophyll a (Chl a ) by 13.3%, chlorophyll b by 13.7% (Chl b ) and total chlorophyll content by 13.1% compared to other treatments.”
e1“dry bed of the Aral Sea”
t0“wheat in saline environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer increased root volume by 123.7% compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- root volumee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 123.7%e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
- Setting
- dry bed of the Aral Seae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying biofertilizer resulted in a notable increase in the total root length by 69.9%, root volume by 123.7% and root diameter by 84.6%, and the highest chlorophyll a (Chl a ) by 13.3%, chlorophyll b by 13.7% (Chl b ) and total chlorophyll content by 13.1% compared to other treatments.”
e1“dry bed of the Aral Sea”
t0“wheat in saline environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer increased root diameter by 84.6% compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- root diametere0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 84.6%e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
- Setting
- dry bed of the Aral Seae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying biofertilizer resulted in a notable increase in the total root length by 69.9%, root volume by 123.7% and root diameter by 84.6%, and the highest chlorophyll a (Chl a ) by 13.3%, chlorophyll b by 13.7% (Chl b ) and total chlorophyll content by 13.1% compared to other treatments.”
e1“dry bed of the Aral Sea”
t0“wheat in saline environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer produced the highest chlorophyll a, by 13.3% compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ae0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 13.3%e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
- Setting
- dry bed of the Aral Seae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying biofertilizer resulted in a notable increase in the total root length by 69.9%, root volume by 123.7% and root diameter by 84.6%, and the highest chlorophyll a (Chl a ) by 13.3%, chlorophyll b by 13.7% (Chl b ) and total chlorophyll content by 13.1% compared to other treatments.”
e1“dry bed of the Aral Sea”
t0“wheat in saline environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer produced the highest chlorophyll b, by 13.7% compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll be0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 13.7%e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
- Setting
- dry bed of the Aral Seae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying biofertilizer resulted in a notable increase in the total root length by 69.9%, root volume by 123.7% and root diameter by 84.6%, and the highest chlorophyll a (Chl a ) by 13.3%, chlorophyll b by 13.7% (Chl b ) and total chlorophyll content by 13.1% compared to other treatments.”
e1“dry bed of the Aral Sea”
t0“wheat in saline environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer produced the highest total chlorophyll content, by 13.1% compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 13.1%e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
- Setting
- dry bed of the Aral Seae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying biofertilizer resulted in a notable increase in the total root length by 69.9%, root volume by 123.7% and root diameter by 84.6%, and the highest chlorophyll a (Chl a ) by 13.3%, chlorophyll b by 13.7% (Chl b ) and total chlorophyll content by 13.1% compared to other treatments.”
e1“dry bed of the Aral Sea”
t0“wheat in saline environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer significantly increased plant nitrogen content by 16.0%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- plant nitrogen (N) contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 16.0%e0
- Setting
- dry bed of the Aral Seae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biofertilizer treatment significantly enhanced plant nitrogen (N) content by 16.0%, phosphorus (P) content by 94.7% and potassium (K) content by 51.8%, and increased the activities of soil enzymes such as catalase and invertase.”
e1“dry bed of the Aral Sea”
t0“wheat in saline environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer significantly increased plant phosphorus content by 94.7%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- phosphorus (P) contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 94.7%e0
- Setting
- dry bed of the Aral Seae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biofertilizer treatment significantly enhanced plant nitrogen (N) content by 16.0%, phosphorus (P) content by 94.7% and potassium (K) content by 51.8%, and increased the activities of soil enzymes such as catalase and invertase.”
e1“dry bed of the Aral Sea”
t0“wheat in saline environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer significantly increased plant potassium content by 51.8%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- potassium (K) contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 51.8%e0
- Setting
- dry bed of the Aral Seae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biofertilizer treatment significantly enhanced plant nitrogen (N) content by 16.0%, phosphorus (P) content by 94.7% and potassium (K) content by 51.8%, and increased the activities of soil enzymes such as catalase and invertase.”
e1“dry bed of the Aral Sea”
t0“wheat in saline environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer increased soil catalase and invertase activities.
- Treatment
- Biofertilizer treatmente0
- Outcome
- activities of soil enzymes such as catalase and invertasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Biofertilizer treatment significantly enhanced plant nitrogen (N) content by 16.0%, phosphorus (P) content by 94.7% and potassium (K) content by 51.8%, and increased the activities of soil enzymes such as catalase and invertase.”
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See all 532 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.