Abstract
Zinc (Zn) deficiency in soils and crops poses a significant challenge to sustainable wheat production and human nutrition worldwide. Agronomic biofortification, enhancing cereal crops with zinc, is a rapid and effective strategy to address this issue. The present field study evaluated two zinc sources, zinc sulfate (ZnSO4·H2O, 33% Zn) and chelated zinc (Zn-EDTA, 5% Zn), for their effectiveness in enhancing yield and Zn concentration in Zn-responsive wheat varieties (Anmol-91, TD-1, NIA-Sarang, and NIA-Amber). The Zn treatments included: a control (no Zn), 13.2 kg Zn ha-1 as ZnSO4·H2O, and 0.125 and 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block split-plot design with three replications. Zinc application significantly improved wheat growth and yield traits compared to the control. However, no significant interaction was observed between treatments and varieties for agronomic parameters. Application of 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA significantly increased plant height (by 4%), spike length (31%), number of spikelets per spike (7%), 1000-grain weight (12%), straw yield (10%), grain yield (10%), Zn concentration (16%), the phytic acid-to-zinc molar ratio (PA:Zn) (46%), and total absorbable zinc (TAZ) (87%) compared to the control. Furthermore, it significantly reduced phytic acid concentration in wheat grains by 37%. Soil Zn concentration also increased significantly (P 0.05), with the highest increase observed at 13.2 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 (125%) and the lowest with Zn-EDTA (95%) compared to the control. Among the wheat varieties evaluated, Anmol-91, NIA-Amber, and NIA-Sarang demonstrated the best performance.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application significantly improved wheat growth and yield traits versus control.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- growth and yield traitse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc application significantly improved wheat growth and yield traits compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
There was no significant treatment by variety interaction for agronomic parameters.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- interactione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“no significant interaction was observed between treatments and varieties for agronomic parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-EDTA at 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 increased wheat plant height by 4%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTAe0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA significantly increased plant height (by 4%), spike length (31%), number of spikelets per spike (7%), 1000-grain weight (12%), straw yield (10%), grain yield (10%), Zn concentration (16%), the phytic acid-to-zinc molar ratio (PA:Zn) (46%), and total absorbable zinc (TAZ) (87%) compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-EDTA increased wheat spike length by 31%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTAe0
- Outcome
- spike lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 31%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA significantly increased plant height (by 4%), spike length (31%), number of spikelets per spike (7%), 1000-grain weight (12%), straw yield (10%), grain yield (10%), Zn concentration (16%), the phytic acid-to-zinc molar ratio (PA:Zn) (46%), and total absorbable zinc (TAZ) (87%) compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-EDTA increased spikelets per spike by 7%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTAe0
- Outcome
- number of spikelets per spikee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA significantly increased plant height (by 4%), spike length (31%), number of spikelets per spike (7%), 1000-grain weight (12%), straw yield (10%), grain yield (10%), Zn concentration (16%), the phytic acid-to-zinc molar ratio (PA:Zn) (46%), and total absorbable zinc (TAZ) (87%) compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-EDTA increased thousand grain weight by 12%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTAe0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA significantly increased plant height (by 4%), spike length (31%), number of spikelets per spike (7%), 1000-grain weight (12%), straw yield (10%), grain yield (10%), Zn concentration (16%), the phytic acid-to-zinc molar ratio (PA:Zn) (46%), and total absorbable zinc (TAZ) (87%) compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-EDTA increased straw yield by 10%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTAe0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA significantly increased plant height (by 4%), spike length (31%), number of spikelets per spike (7%), 1000-grain weight (12%), straw yield (10%), grain yield (10%), Zn concentration (16%), the phytic acid-to-zinc molar ratio (PA:Zn) (46%), and total absorbable zinc (TAZ) (87%) compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-EDTA increased grain yield by 10%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTAe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA significantly increased plant height (by 4%), spike length (31%), number of spikelets per spike (7%), 1000-grain weight (12%), straw yield (10%), grain yield (10%), Zn concentration (16%), the phytic acid-to-zinc molar ratio (PA:Zn) (46%), and total absorbable zinc (TAZ) (87%) compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-EDTA increased zinc concentration by 16%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTAe0
- Outcome
- Zn concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA significantly increased plant height (by 4%), spike length (31%), number of spikelets per spike (7%), 1000-grain weight (12%), straw yield (10%), grain yield (10%), Zn concentration (16%), the phytic acid-to-zinc molar ratio (PA:Zn) (46%), and total absorbable zinc (TAZ) (87%) compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-EDTA increased the phytic acid to zinc molar ratio by 46%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTAe0
- Outcome
- phytic acid-to-zinc molar ratio (PA:Zn)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 46%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA significantly increased plant height (by 4%), spike length (31%), number of spikelets per spike (7%), 1000-grain weight (12%), straw yield (10%), grain yield (10%), Zn concentration (16%), the phytic acid-to-zinc molar ratio (PA:Zn) (46%), and total absorbable zinc (TAZ) (87%) compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-EDTA increased total absorbable zinc by 87%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTAe0
- Outcome
- total absorbable zinc (TAZ)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 87%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Application of 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA significantly increased plant height (by 4%), spike length (31%), number of spikelets per spike (7%), 1000-grain weight (12%), straw yield (10%), grain yield (10%), Zn concentration (16%), the phytic acid-to-zinc molar ratio (PA:Zn) (46%), and total absorbable zinc (TAZ) (87%) compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-EDTA reduced grain phytic acid concentration by 37%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTAe1
- Outcome
- phytic acid concentratione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 37%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“it significantly reduced phytic acid concentration in wheat grains by 37%”
e1“Application of 0.25 kg Zn ha-1 as Zn-EDTA”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc sulfate increased soil zinc concentration by 125% versus control.
- Treatment
- 13.2 kg ha-1 ZnSO4e0
- Outcome
- Soil Zn concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 125%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Soil Zn concentration also increased significantly (P 0.05), with the highest increase observed at 13.2 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 (125%) and the lowest with Zn-EDTA (95%) compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn-EDTA increased soil zinc concentration by 95% versus control.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Soil Zn concentration also increased significantly (P 0.05), with the highest increase observed at 13.2 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 (125%) and the lowest with Zn-EDTA (95%) compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Anmol-91 was among the best performing wheat varieties.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Anmol-91e0
- Outcome
- best performancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the wheat varieties evaluated, Anmol-91, NIA-Amber, and NIA-Sarang demonstrated the best performance.”
Claim · model-written summary
NIA-Amber was among the best performing wheat varieties.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- NIA-Ambere0
- Outcome
- best performancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the wheat varieties evaluated, Anmol-91, NIA-Amber, and NIA-Sarang demonstrated the best performance.”
Claim · model-written summary
NIA-Sarang was among the best performing wheat varieties.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- NIA-Sarange0
- Outcome
- best performancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the wheat varieties evaluated, Anmol-91, NIA-Amber, and NIA-Sarang demonstrated the best performance.”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · molecular: metabolites · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
84 papers in the same direction as this paper · 25 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
107 papers more in this group
See all 111 papers →zinc atom · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
154 papers in the same direction as this paper · 43 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
196 papers more in this group
See all 200 papers →zinc atom · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
346 papers in the same direction as this paper · 33 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
376 papers more in this group
See all 380 papers →zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
455 papers in the same direction as this paper · 49 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
507 papers more in this group
See all 511 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.