Abstract
Abstract Zinc (Zn) deficiency is more common in corn (Zea mays L.) than in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] or wheat (Triticum sp.). The ability of wheat to withstand low soil Zn conditions is related to increased release of phytosiderophore from its roots. The reasons for sorghum's ability and corn's inability to utilize low levels of soil Zn have not been explored adequately. The objectives of this research were to 1) ascertain if Zn deficiency could be induced in sorghum, wheat, and corn grown in a chelator‐buffered nutrient solution and 2) determine relative releases of phytosiderophore from roots of sorghum, wheat, and/or corn under Zn‐deficiency conditions. Sorghum, wheat, and corn were grown hydroponically in the greenhouse with a chelator‐buffered nutrient solution designed to induce Zn deficiency, while supplying adequate amounts of other nutrients. Root exudates were collected over time to measure phytosiderophore release. Shoot Zn concentrations and shoot and root dry matter yields were determined also. The technique was effective for inducing Zn deficiency in sorghum, wheat, and corn, as evidenced by reduced shoot and root dry matter yields, shortened internodes, reduced shoot Zn concentrations, and plant Zn concentrations below the suggested critical values for these species. Sorghum and wheat plants increased the release of phytosiderophore in response to Zn deficiency, but com did not. The total amount of phytosiderophore released by the roots was in the order wheat>sorghum>corn. The absence of a “phytosiderophore”; response to Zn deficiency of corn, coupled with the evidence that this species requires, or at least accumulates, more Zn than wheat or sorghum, provides an explanation as to why Zn deficiencies are more prevalent for corn than wheat or sorghum under field conditions.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The solution technique induced zinc deficiency in sorghum, wheat and corn.
- Taxon
- sorghum, wheat, and corn
Sorghum
Triticum aestivum
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Outcome
- inducing Zn deficiencye1
- Qualifier
- effectivee1
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The technique was effective for inducing Zn deficiency in sorghum, wheat, and corn, as evidenced by”
e1“technique was effective for inducing Zn deficiency in sorghum, wheat, and corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc deficiency reduced shoot and root dry matter yields in the three cereals.
- Taxon
- sorghum, wheat, and cornSorghumTriticum aestivumZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Zn deficiencye2
- Outcome
- shoot and root dry matter yieldse1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The technique was effective for inducing Zn deficiency in sorghum, wheat, and corn, as evidenced by”
e1“reduced shoot and root dry matter yields”
e2“technique was effective for inducing Zn deficiency in sorghum, wheat, and corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc deficiency shortened internodes in the three cereals.
- Taxon
- sorghum, wheat, and cornSorghumTriticum aestivumZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Zn deficiencye2
- Outcome
- internodese1
- Direction
- shortenede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The technique was effective for inducing Zn deficiency in sorghum, wheat, and corn, as evidenced by”
e1“shortened internodes”
e2“technique was effective for inducing Zn deficiency in sorghum, wheat, and corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc deficiency reduced shoot zinc concentration in the three cereals.
- Taxon
- sorghum, wheat, and cornSorghumTriticum aestivumZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Zn deficiencye2
- Outcome
- shoot Zn concentrationse1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The technique was effective for inducing Zn deficiency in sorghum, wheat, and corn, as evidenced by”
e1“reduced shoot Zn concentrations”
e2“technique was effective for inducing Zn deficiency in sorghum, wheat, and corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum increased root phytosiderophore release under zinc deficiency.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sorghum and wheat plants increased the release of phytosiderophore in response to Zn deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat increased root phytosiderophore release under zinc deficiency.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Zn deficiencye0
- Outcome
- release of phytosiderophoree0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sorghum and wheat plants increased the release of phytosiderophore in response to Zn deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn did not increase root phytosiderophore release under zinc deficiency.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- zinc deficiencye0
- Outcome
- phytosiderophore releasee2
- Direction
- did note1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn under zinc deficiency”
e1“but com did not”
e2“phytosiderophore release by Sorghum, wheat, and corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Total root phytosiderophore release ranked wheat above sorghum above corn.
Verbatim
e0“phytosiderophore released by the roots was in the order wheat>sorghum>corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn requires or accumulates more zinc than wheat or sorghum, helping explain its greater field zinc deficiency prevalence.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Compound
- Zne0
- Outcome
- Zn deficiencies are more prevalent for corne0
- Qualifier
- requires, or at least accumulates, more Zn than wheat or sorghume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn, coupled with the evidence that this species requires, or at least accumulates, more Zn than wheat or sorghum, provides an explanation as to why Zn deficiencies are more prevalent for corn than wheat or sorghum under field conditions”
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- no effect
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This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
- negative
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See all 44 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.