Abstract
Introduction Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) has gained worldwide attention for its emerging role as a valuable medicinal source, particularly for cannabidiol (CBD) extraction. Yunnan province is currently the only region in China where hemp grown for CBD production is legalized; yet information on optimal agronomic practices for maximizing CBD output in this region remains scarce. Methods In the present study, field experiments were conducted in Yunan over two consecutive growing seasons (2019 and 2020) to evaluate CBD productivity and variations in CBD content between female and male plants, as well as among branches along the stem, using a local dioecious hemp cultivar, Yunma #7. Plants were grown under five treatments: a control (CK) with NPK fertilization; additional calcium magnesium phosphate (CK+CMP); and additional boron applied either as powdered boron at the basal stage (CK+CMP+PB1), powdered boron at the budding stage (CK+CMP+PB2), or liquid sugar-alcohol-chelated boron at the budding stage (CK+CMP+LB2). Results The average inflorescence yield reached 4 Mg ha −1 , with female plants producing 2.4 Mg ha −1 . Inflorescence CBD content averaged approximately 1% ( w/w ), being 15% higher in female than male plants, and 30% higher in upper than lower inflorescences. Mg and B fertilization showed no statistically significant effects on inflorescence yield and CBD content, the average CBD yield across all fertilization treatments was 20.1 kg ha −1 . Discussion The study underscores the potential for increasing CBD content through breeding and optimizing harvest methods that distinguish between female and male plants, and separate upper and lower inflorescences.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Average hemp inflorescence yield reached 4 Mg ha −1.
- Taxon
- Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.)
Cannabis sativat0 - Outcome
- inflorescence yielde0
- Value
- 4 Mg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average inflorescence yield reached 4 Mg ha −1”
t0“hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Female plants produced 2.4 Mg ha −1 of inflorescences.
- Taxon
- Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.)Cannabis sativat0
- Organ / stage
- female plantse0
- Outcome
- producinge0
- Value
- 2.4 Mg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with female plants producing 2.4 Mg ha −1”
t0“hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inflorescence CBD content averaged approximately 1% by weight.
- Taxon
- hemp
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativat0 - Outcome
- Inflorescence CBD contente0
- Value
- 1% ( w/w )e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inflorescence CBD content averaged approximately 1% ( w/w )”
t0“hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
CBD content was 15% higher in female than male plants.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- femalee0
- Outcome
- CBD contente1
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 15%e0
- Comparator
- male plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“being 15% higher in female than male plants”
e1“Inflorescence CBD content”
t0“hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
CBD content was 30% higher in upper than lower inflorescences.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- uppere0
- Outcome
- CBD contente1
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 30%e0
- Comparator
- lower inflorescencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“30% higher in upper than lower inflorescences”
e1“Inflorescence CBD content”
t0“hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium and boron fertilization had no statistically significant effect on inflorescence yield.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- Mg and B fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- inflorescence yielde0
- Direction
- no statistically significant effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mg and B fertilization showed no statistically significant effects on inflorescence yield and CBD content”
t0“hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium and boron fertilization had no statistically significant effect on CBD content.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- Mg and B fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- CBD contente0
- Direction
- no statistically significant effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mg and B fertilization showed no statistically significant effects on inflorescence yield and CBD content”
t0“hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean CBD yield across fertilization treatments was 20.1 kg ha −1.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Outcome
- CBD yielde0
- Value
- 20.1 kg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the average CBD yield across all fertilization treatments was 20.1 kg ha −1”
t0“hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest breeding and sex-specific harvest to increase CBD content.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Outcome
- increasing CBD content through breeding and optimizing harvest methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potential for increasing CBD content through breeding and optimizing harvest methods that distinguish between female and male plants”
t0“hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest separating upper and lower inflorescences at harvest.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Outcome
- separate upper and lower inflorescencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“separate upper and lower inflorescences”
t0“hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)”
The same questions in other papers
boron atom · yield · Cannabis sativaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
magnesium atom · molecular: metabolites · Cannabis sativaResults agree
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- no effect
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5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 25 in the opposite direction
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See all 31 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.