Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine if the allocation of cadmium (Cd) to grains depends on sulfur (S) nutrition in durum wheat. Durum wheat was grown in semi-hydroponics with 100 nM Cd (Cd+) or at a background concentration of Cd (Cd-). Starting from stem elongation, the plants exposed to 100 nM Cd received a standard supply of S (S100), a reduced supply of S (S20) or were subjected to S deprivation (S0). Plants were sampled at the early milk development stage (Z71) and the early ripening stage (Z91) to assess differences in plant growth, Cd uptake and partitioning among organs, as well as net remobilization of Cd in the different treatments. Durum wheat growth was not affected by exposure to 100 nM Cd, and the root-to-shoot translocation of Cd was more restricted in the Cd + treatment than in the Cd-treatment. Reducing or stopping the supply of S did not affect durum wheat growth but enhanced S remobilization from almost all plant parts, including the roots. Stopping the supply of S resulted in a 35 % increase in the concentration of Cd in the grains. The proportional decrease in the concentrations of S and Cd in the roots of S-deficient plants between Z71 and Z91 suggests that Cd remobilization is associated with S remobilization in the roots of durum wheat. Sulfur deficiency promoted Cd accumulation in durum wheat grains likely due to enhanced remobilization of S and Cd in the roots of S-deficient plants.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to 100 nM Cd did not affect durum wheat growth.
- Taxon
- Durum wheat
Triticum turgidum subsp. durume0 - Treatment
- exposure to 100 nM Cde0
- Outcome
- Durum wheat growthe0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat”
e0“Durum wheat growth was not affected by exposure to 100 nM Cd, and the root-to-shoot translocation of Cd was more restricted in the Cd + treatment than in the Cd-treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-to-shoot Cd translocation was more restricted under Cd + than Cd-.
- Taxon
- Durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Treatment
- Cd + treatmente0
- Outcome
- root-to-shoot translocation of Cde0
- Direction
- more restrictede0
- Comparator
- Cd-treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat”
e0“Durum wheat growth was not affected by exposure to 100 nM Cd, and the root-to-shoot translocation of Cd was more restricted in the Cd + treatment than in the Cd-treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing or stopping S supply did not affect durum wheat growth.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Treatment
- Reducing or stopping the supply of Se0
- Outcome
- durum wheat growthe0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat”
e0“Reducing or stopping the supply of S did not affect durum wheat growth but enhanced S remobilization from almost all plant parts, including the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing or stopping S supply enhanced S remobilization from almost all plant parts, including roots.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Treatment
- Reducing or stopping the supply of Se0
- Outcome
- S remobilizatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- almost all plant parts, including the rootse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat”
e0“Reducing or stopping the supply of S did not affect durum wheat growth but enhanced S remobilization from almost all plant parts, including the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Stopping S supply increased grain Cd concentration by 35 %.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Organ / stage
- grainse0
- Treatment
- Stopping the supply of Se0
- Outcome
- concentration of Cd in the grainse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 35 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat”
e0“Stopping the supply of S resulted in a 35 % increase in the concentration of Cd in the grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Root S and Cd concentrations decreased proportionally between Z71 and Z91 in S-deficient durum wheat.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of S and Cd in the rootse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- between Z71 and Z91e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The proportional decrease in the concentrations of S and Cd in the roots of S-deficient plants between Z71 and Z91 suggests that Cd remobilization is associated with S remobilization in the roots of durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Root Cd remobilization was associated with root S remobilization.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Compound
- Se0
- Outcome
- Cd remobilizatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The proportional decrease in the concentrations of S and Cd in the roots of S-deficient plants between Z71 and Z91 suggests that Cd remobilization is associated with S remobilization in the roots of durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur deficiency likely promoted grain Cd accumulation through enhanced root S and Cd remobilization.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Treatment
- Sulfur deficiencye0
- Outcome
- Cd accumulation in durum wheat grainse0
- Qualifier
- likely due to enhanced remobilization of S and Cd in the roots of S-deficient plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sulfur deficiency promoted Cd accumulation in durum wheat grains likely due to enhanced remobilization of S and Cd in the roots of S-deficient plants”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · growth · Triticum turgidum (rivet wheat)Results differ
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.