Abstract
α-Farnesene is one of the most widely distributed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in plants, playing a significant role in both flavor formation and defense mechanisms. However, the regulatory mechanisms and physiological functions of α-farnesene biosynthesis in tea plants remain largely unexplored. In this study, α-farnesene was identified as a key compound associated with resistance to gray blight disease. We characterized an α-farnesene synthase gene (CsAFS2.1) and its alternative splicing isoforms (CsAFS2.2 and CsAFS2.3), which were differentially induced upon pathogen infection, with CsAFS2.1 showing the highest level of induction. Through subcellular localization studies, in vitro enzymatic assays, and in vivo functional verification, we demonstrated that all three isoforms catalyze the conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) to α-farnesene in tea plants. Using an integrative approach that included DNA-protein interaction analysis, gene silencing, gene overexpression, and metabolic profiling, we revealed that the transcription factor CsNAC29 activates α-farnesene emission by directly regulating the expression of CsAFS2. Suppression of either CsNAC29 or CsAFS2 significantly reduced α-farnesene production and compromised the resistance of tea plants to gray blight disease. Our study not only elucidates the molecular mechanisms underlying α-farnesene-mediated resistance in tea plants but also proposes a potential pathway for enhancing both aroma and immunity through targeted genetic manipulation.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
α-Farnesene was associated with resistance to gray blight.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“α-farnesene was identified as a key compound associated with resistance to gray blight disease”
t0“tea plant ( Camellia sinensis )”
Claim · model-written summary
CsAFS2.1 was induced by pathogen infection more than the other isoforms.
Verbatim
e0“CsAFS2.1) and its alternative splicing isoforms (CsAFS2.2 and CsAFS2.3), which were differentially induced upon pathogen infection, with CsAFS2.1 showing the highest level of induction”
t0“tea plant ( Camellia sinensis )”
Claim · model-written summary
CsAFS2.2 was differentially induced by pathogen infection.
Verbatim
e0“alternative splicing isoforms (CsAFS2.2 and CsAFS2.3), which were differentially induced upon pathogen infection”
t0“tea plant ( Camellia sinensis )”
Claim · model-written summary
CsAFS2.3 was differentially induced by pathogen infection.
Verbatim
e0“alternative splicing isoforms (CsAFS2.2 and CsAFS2.3), which were differentially induced upon pathogen infection”
t0“tea plant ( Camellia sinensis )”
Claim · model-written summary
CsAFS2.1 catalyzes conversion of FPP to α-farnesene.
Verbatim
e0“all three isoforms catalyze the conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) to α-farnesene in tea plants”
e1“an α-farnesene synthase gene (CsAFS2.1)”
Claim · model-written summary
CsAFS2.2 catalyzes conversion of FPP to α-farnesene.
Verbatim
e0“all three isoforms catalyze the conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) to α-farnesene in tea plants”
t0“CsAFS2.2”
Claim · model-written summary
CsAFS2.3 catalyzes conversion of FPP to α-farnesene.
Verbatim
e0“all three isoforms catalyze the conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) to α-farnesene in tea plants”
t0“CsAFS2.3”
Claim · model-written summary
CsNAC29 directly regulates CsAFS2 expression and activates α-farnesene emission.
Verbatim
e0“the transcription factor CsNAC29 activates α-farnesene emission by directly regulating the expression of CsAFS2”
t0“tea plant ( Camellia sinensis )”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppressing CsNAC29 reduced α-farnesene production.
- Taxon
- tea plantse0
- Treatment
- Suppression of either CsNAC29e0
- Gene
- CsNAC29e0
- Outcome
- α-farnesene productione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Suppression of either CsNAC29 or CsAFS2 significantly reduced α-farnesene production and compromised the resistance of tea plants to gray blight disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppressing CsAFS2 reduced α-farnesene production.
- Taxon
- tea plantse0
- Treatment
- Suppression of either CsNAC29 or CsAFS2e0
- Gene
- CsAFS2e0
- Outcome
- α-farnesene productione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Suppression of either CsNAC29 or CsAFS2 significantly reduced α-farnesene production and compromised the resistance of tea plants to gray blight disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppressing CsNAC29 compromised gray blight resistance.
- Taxon
- tea plantse0
- Treatment
- Suppression of either CsNAC29e0
- Gene
- CsNAC29e0
- Outcome
- resistance of tea plants to gray blight diseasee0
- Direction
- compromisede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Suppression of either CsNAC29 or CsAFS2 significantly reduced α-farnesene production and compromised the resistance of tea plants to gray blight disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppressing CsAFS2 compromised gray blight resistance.
- Taxon
- tea plantse0
- Treatment
- Suppression of either CsNAC29 or CsAFS2e0
- Gene
- CsAFS2e0
- Outcome
- resistance of tea plants to gray blight diseasee0
- Direction
- compromisede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Suppression of either CsNAC29 or CsAFS2 significantly reduced α-farnesene production and compromised the resistance of tea plants to gray blight disease”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · disease · Camellia sinensis (black tea)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →loss of function · yield · Camellia sinensis (black tea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.