Paper · 2025 · PLANT ARCHIVES

EFFECT OF BIO-FERTILIZERS AND PHOSPHORUS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)

13
claims
29
verbatim quotes
1
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with 10 treatments and replicated thrice.The treatment consisted of 3 Bio-fertilizers (Rhizobium, VAM, PSB) along with 3 levels of Phosphorus (30, 40 and 50 kg/ha) with recommended doses of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (20:40:20 N:P: K kg/ha).The experimental field soil was sandy loam in texture, neutral in reaction (pH 7.5), available medium organic carbon (0.598 %), low in available nitrogen (180.48 kg/ha), medium in available phosphorus (28.4 kg/ha), medium in available potassium (234.3 kg/ha) and medium electrical conductivity (0.431 ds m -1 ).The result revealed application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/ha showed higher growth attributes viz.plant height (52.10 cm), number of branches per plant (23.21), number of nodules per plant (33.33) and plant dry weight (11.57g) and higher yield attributes viz.number of pods per plant (5.00), seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) and stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha) however, number of seeds per pod (11.67), seed index (13.13),harvest index (41.67)remained non-significant.The aforesaid treatment also recorded maximum gross return (76363.76INR/ha), net return (56402.9INR/ha) and B:C ratio (2.83) was observed with the application of PSB along with Phosphorus (40 kg/ha) i.e.Treatment 8.It is concluded that application of PSB along with Phosphorus (40 kg/ha) i.e.Treatment 8 recorded highest yield and economics in Zaid Cowpea crop.

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Claims 13

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus (Treatment 8) recorded higher plant height (52.10 cm) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/hae1
Interactor
PSBe1symbiont
Outcome
plant heighte1
Direction
highere1
Value
52.10 cme1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e1

“application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/ha showed higher growth attributes viz.plant height (52.10 cm), number of branches per plant (23.21), number of nodules per plant (33.33) and plant dry weight (11.57g) and higher yield attributes viz.number of pods per plant (5.00), seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) and stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–974 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus (Treatment 8) recorded higher number of branches per plant (23.21) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/hae1
Interactor
PSBe1symbiont
Outcome
number of branches per plante1
Direction
highere1
Value
23.21e1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e1

“application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/ha showed higher growth attributes viz.plant height (52.10 cm), number of branches per plant (23.21), number of nodules per plant (33.33) and plant dry weight (11.57g) and higher yield attributes viz.number of pods per plant (5.00), seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) and stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–974 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus (Treatment 8) recorded higher number of nodules per plant (33.33) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/hae1
Interactor
PSBe1symbiont
Outcome
number of nodules per plante1
Direction
highere1
Value
33.33e1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e1

“application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/ha showed higher growth attributes viz.plant height (52.10 cm), number of branches per plant (23.21), number of nodules per plant (33.33) and plant dry weight (11.57g) and higher yield attributes viz.number of pods per plant (5.00), seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) and stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–974 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus (Treatment 8) recorded higher plant dry weight (11.57g) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/hae1
Interactor
PSBe1symbiont
Outcome
plant dry weighte1
Direction
highere1
Value
11.57ge1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e1

“application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/ha showed higher growth attributes viz.plant height (52.10 cm), number of branches per plant (23.21), number of nodules per plant (33.33) and plant dry weight (11.57g) and higher yield attributes viz.number of pods per plant (5.00), seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) and stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–974 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus (Treatment 8) recorded higher number of pods per plant (5.00) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/hae1
Interactor
PSBe1symbiont
Outcome
number of pods per plante1
Direction
highere1
Value
5.00e1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e1

“application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/ha showed higher growth attributes viz.plant height (52.10 cm), number of branches per plant (23.21), number of nodules per plant (33.33) and plant dry weight (11.57g) and higher yield attributes viz.number of pods per plant (5.00), seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) and stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–974 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus (Treatment 8) recorded higher seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/hae1
Interactor
PSBe1symbiont
Outcome
seed yielde1
Direction
highere1
Value
819.32 kg/hae1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e1

“application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/ha showed higher growth attributes viz.plant height (52.10 cm), number of branches per plant (23.21), number of nodules per plant (33.33) and plant dry weight (11.57g) and higher yield attributes viz.number of pods per plant (5.00), seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) and stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–974 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus (Treatment 8) recorded higher stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/hae1
Interactor
PSBe1symbiont
Outcome
stover yielde1
Direction
highere1
Value
1312.48 kg/hae1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e1

“application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/ha showed higher growth attributes viz.plant height (52.10 cm), number of branches per plant (23.21), number of nodules per plant (33.33) and plant dry weight (11.57g) and higher yield attributes viz.number of pods per plant (5.00), seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) and stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–974 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus showed no significant change in number of seeds per pod (11.67) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/hae1
Interactor
PSBe1symbiont
Outcome
number of seeds per pode2
Direction
no_changeinferrede2
Value
11.67e2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e1

“application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/ha showed higher growth attributes viz.plant height (52.10 cm), number of branches per plant (23.21), number of nodules per plant (33.33) and plant dry weight (11.57g) and higher yield attributes viz.number of pods per plant (5.00), seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) and stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–974 · show in text ↑
e2

“number of seeds per pod (11.67), seed index (13.13),harvest index (41.67)remained non-significant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 984–1081 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus showed no significant change in seed index (13.13) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/hae1
Interactor
PSBe1symbiont
Outcome
seed indexe2
Direction
no_changeinferrede2
Value
13.13e2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e1

“application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/ha showed higher growth attributes viz.plant height (52.10 cm), number of branches per plant (23.21), number of nodules per plant (33.33) and plant dry weight (11.57g) and higher yield attributes viz.number of pods per plant (5.00), seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) and stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–974 · show in text ↑
e2

“number of seeds per pod (11.67), seed index (13.13),harvest index (41.67)remained non-significant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 984–1081 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus showed no significant change in harvest index (41.67) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/hae1
Interactor
PSBe1symbiont
Outcome
harvest indexe2
Direction
no_changeinferrede2
Value
41.67e2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e1

“application of PSB along with Phosphorus 40kg/ha showed higher growth attributes viz.plant height (52.10 cm), number of branches per plant (23.21), number of nodules per plant (33.33) and plant dry weight (11.57g) and higher yield attributes viz.number of pods per plant (5.00), seed yield (819.32 kg/ha) and stover yield (1312.48 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 637–974 · show in text ↑
e2

“number of seeds per pod (11.67), seed index (13.13),harvest index (41.67)remained non-significant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 984–1081 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus (Treatment 8) recorded maximum gross return (76363.76INR/ha) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus (40 kg/ha)e3
Interactor
PSBe3symbiont
Outcome
gross returne3
Direction
maximume3
Value
76363.76INR/hae3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e3

“The aforesaid treatment also recorded maximum gross return (76363.76INR/ha), net return (56402.9INR/ha) and B:C ratio (2.83) was observed with the application of PSB along with Phosphorus (40 kg/ha) i.e.Treatment 8”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1082–1296 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus (Treatment 8) recorded higher net return (56402.9INR/ha) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus (40 kg/ha)e3
Interactor
PSBe3symbiont
Outcome
net returne3
Direction
higherinferrede3
Value
56402.9INR/hae3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e3

“The aforesaid treatment also recorded maximum gross return (76363.76INR/ha), net return (56402.9INR/ha) and B:C ratio (2.83) was observed with the application of PSB along with Phosphorus (40 kg/ha) i.e.Treatment 8”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1082–1296 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of PSB with 40 kg/ha phosphorus (Treatment 8) recorded higher B:C ratio (2.83) in zaid cowpea.

Taxon
VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.t0
Treatment
application of PSB along with Phosphorus (40 kg/ha)e3
Interactor
PSBe3symbiont
Outcome
B:C ratioe3
Direction
higherinferrede3
Value
2.83e3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“ZAID COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–98 · show in text ↑
e3

“The aforesaid treatment also recorded maximum gross return (76363.76INR/ha), net return (56402.9INR/ha) and B:C ratio (2.83) was observed with the application of PSB along with Phosphorus (40 kg/ha) i.e.Treatment 8”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1082–1296 · show in text ↑

phosphorus · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

32 papers: 28 positive, 4 negative or no effect

27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

28 papers more in this group

See all 32 papers →

phosphorus · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

56 papers: 52 positive, 4 negative or no effect

51 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

52 papers more in this group

See all 56 papers →

phosphorus · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

113 papers: 107 positive, 6 negative or no effect

106 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

109 papers more in this group

See all 113 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.