Abstract
Gray mold disease, caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea , poses a severe threat to global grapevine production. This study systematically investigated the genetic and metabolic mechanisms underlying grapevine resistance to B. cinerea using a hybrid population derived from the resistant material ‘Beihong’ ( Vitis vinifera L. × V. amurensis Rupr.) and susceptible cultivar ‘Red Globe’ ( V . vinifera L.). Detached-leaf inoculation assays of 176 F 1 progenies revealed a 1:1 segregation ratio of resistant-to-susceptible phenotypes in leaf tissues, with resistant (R) leaves showing enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities that alleviated oxidative stress and delayed fungal colonization. Fruit resistance followed a 1:7 resistant-to-susceptible ratio and showed no significant correlation with leaf resistance ( R = -0.1779), highlighting distinct organ-specific regulatory mechanisms. Untargeted metabolomic profiling of R and susceptible (S) fruits identified 550 differential accumulated metabolites. Susceptible fruits exhibited significant enrichment of the linoleic acid metabolism pathway, characterized by pathological accumulation of lipid peroxidation products that exacerbated membrane damage. Conversely, R fruits exhibited enhanced accumulation of flavonoid metabolites, which conferred resistance through direct antifungal activity. Both exogenous application of didymin, rutin, myricetin, and luteolin-7-glucuronide (≥ 250 mg · L -1 in vitro against B . cinerea and in vivo on fruits) and endogenous flavonoid extracts from R fruit (100 mg · L -1 in vitro ; 50 mg · L -1 for spore disruption) demonstrated significant antifungal activity against B . cinerea . This study reveals that grapevine resistance to B. cinerea is governed by the novel interplay between flavonoid-mediated defense and dysregulated linoleic acid metabolism. These findings identify critical metabolites for postharvest control of gray mold and offer a theoretical foundation for breeding Botrytis -resistant cultivars.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Detached-leaf inoculation of 176 F1 progenies showed a 1:1 resistant-to-susceptible segregation ratio in grapevine leaf tissues.
- Material
- 176 F 1 progeniese0
- Organ / stage
- leaf tissuese0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereat0pathogen - Outcome
- segregation ratio of resistant-to-susceptible phenotypese0
- Value
- 1:1e0
VitisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine resistance to Botrytis cinerea”
e0“Detached-leaf inoculation assays of 176 F 1 progenies revealed a 1:1 segregation ratio of resistant-to-susceptible phenotypes in leaf tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistant leaves showed enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities that alleviated oxidative stress and delayed fungal colonization.
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereat0pathogen
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- alleviated oxidative stress and delayed fungal colonizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine resistance to Botrytis cinerea”
e0“resistant (R) leaves showing enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities that alleviated oxidative stress and delayed fungal colonization”
Claim · model-written summary
Grapevine fruit resistance followed a 1:7 resistant-to-susceptible ratio.
- Organ / stage
- Fruite0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereat0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistant-to-susceptible ratioe0
- Value
- 1:7e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine resistance to Botrytis cinerea”
e0“Fruit resistance followed a 1:7 resistant-to-susceptible ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit resistance showed no significant correlation with leaf resistance (R = -0.1779), indicating organ-specific regulation.
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereat0pathogen
- Outcome
- Fruit resistancee0
- Direction
- no significant correlatione0
- Value
- R = -0.1779e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine resistance to Botrytis cinerea”
e0“Fruit resistance followed a 1:7 resistant-to-susceptible ratio and showed no significant correlation with leaf resistance ( R = -0.1779)”
Claim · model-written summary
Untargeted metabolomic profiling of resistant and susceptible fruits identified 550 differentially accumulated metabolites.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine resistance to Botrytis cinerea”
e0“Untargeted metabolomic profiling of R and susceptible (S) fruits identified 550 differential accumulated metabolites”
Claim · model-written summary
Susceptible grapevine fruits showed significant enrichment of the linoleic acid metabolism pathway, with accumulation of lipid peroxidation products that exacerbated membrane damage.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine resistance to Botrytis cinerea”
e0“Susceptible fruits exhibited significant enrichment of the linoleic acid metabolism pathway, characterized by pathological accumulation of lipid peroxidation products that exacerbated membrane damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistant grapevine fruits showed enhanced accumulation of flavonoid metabolites.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine resistance to Botrytis cinerea”
e0“R fruits exhibited enhanced accumulation of flavonoid metabolites, which conferred resistance through direct antifungal activity”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret flavonoid metabolites in resistant fruits as conferring resistance through direct antifungal activity.
- Organ / stage
- R fruitse0
- Compound
- flavonoid metabolitese0
- Outcome
- resistancee0
- Qualifier
- direct antifungal activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine resistance to Botrytis cinerea”
e0“R fruits exhibited enhanced accumulation of flavonoid metabolites, which conferred resistance through direct antifungal activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous didymin, rutin, myricetin and luteolin-7-glucuronide (at least 250 mg/L, in vitro and on fruits) showed significant antifungal activity against B. cinerea.
- Treatment
- exogenous application of didymin, rutin, myricetin, and luteolin-7-glucuronidee0
- Interactor
- B . cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- antifungal activity against B . cinereae0
- Qualifier
- ≥ 250 mg · L -1 in vitro against B . cinerea and in vivo on fruitse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine resistance to Botrytis cinerea”
e0“Both exogenous application of didymin, rutin, myricetin, and luteolin-7-glucuronide (≥ 250 mg · L -1 in vitro against B . cinerea and in vivo on fruits) and endogenous flavonoid extracts from R fruit (100 mg · L -1 in vitro ; 50 mg · L -1 for spore disruption) demonstrated significant antifungal activity against B . cinerea”
Claim · model-written summary
Endogenous flavonoid extracts from resistant fruit (100 mg/L in vitro; 50 mg/L for spore disruption) showed significant antifungal activity against B. cinerea.
- Treatment
- endogenous flavonoid extracts from R fruite0
- Interactor
- B . cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- antifungal activity against B . cinereae0
- Qualifier
- 100 mg · L -1 in vitro ; 50 mg · L -1 for spore disruptione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine resistance to Botrytis cinerea”
e0“Both exogenous application of didymin, rutin, myricetin, and luteolin-7-glucuronide (≥ 250 mg · L -1 in vitro against B . cinerea and in vivo on fruits) and endogenous flavonoid extracts from R fruit (100 mg · L -1 in vitro ; 50 mg · L -1 for spore disruption) demonstrated significant antifungal activity against B . cinerea”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that grapevine resistance to B. cinerea is governed by an interplay between flavonoid-mediated defense and dysregulated linoleic acid metabolism.
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- grapevine resistance to B. cinereae0
- Qualifier
- interplay between flavonoid-mediated defense and dysregulated linoleic acid metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study reveals that grapevine resistance to B. cinerea is governed by the novel interplay between flavonoid-mediated defense and dysregulated linoleic acid metabolism”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · Botrytis cinerea · VitisPositive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
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See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.